Hansen Ernst A, Nøddelund Emma, Nielsen Frederikke S, Sørensen Mads P, Nielsen Magnus Ø, Johansen Maria, Andersen Mathias H, Nielsen Morten D
Sport Sciences-Performance and Technology, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Niels Jernes Vej 12, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2021 Nov;121(11):3041-3049. doi: 10.1007/s00421-021-04770-w. Epub 2021 Jul 21.
History dependence can refer to the fact that parts of the human physiology (e.g., one or a group of muscles, or the nervous system) as well as functional aspects of the human (e.g., motor behaviour, or performance) depend on prior muscle activation. In the present study, it was investigated whether initial cycling at relatively low and high preset target cadences affected a subsequent freely chosen cadence at the end of the same bout of submaximal ergometer cycling.
Twenty-two participants performed a single test session, which consisted of separate bouts of submaximal ergometer cycling. In one bout, cycling at 50 rpm was followed by cycling at freely chosen cadence. In another bout, cycling at 90 rpm was followed by cycling at freely chosen cadence. In yet another bout (denoted reference), the cadence was freely chosen throughout. Behavioural (cadence), biomechanical (tangential pedal force), and physiological (heart rate) responses were measured.
Increased cadence resulted in decreased maximal tangential pedal force in accordance with existing knowledge. Initial cycling at 50 and 90 rpm caused freely chosen cadence to be about 5% lower and higher, respectively, than the freely chosen cadence (72.4 ± 2.4 rpm) at the end of the reference bout. These differences in cadence were not accompanied by statistically significant differences in heart rate.
The freely chosen cadence depended on the preset cadence applied at the beginning of the bout. This was denoted a phenomenon of motor behavioural history dependence.
历史依赖性可指人体生理学的某些部分（例如，一块或一组肌肉，或神经系统）以及人体的功能方面（例如，运动行为或表现）取决于先前的肌肉激活。在本研究中，调查了在次最大强度测力计骑行的同一回合结束时，以相对较低和较高的预设目标踏频进行初始骑行是否会影响随后自由选择的踏频。
22名参与者进行了一次测试，该测试由次最大强度测力计骑行的不同回合组成。在一个回合中，先以50转/分钟的踏频骑行，然后以自由选择的踏频骑行。在另一个回合中，先以90转/分钟的踏频骑行，然后以自由选择的踏频骑行。在另一个回合（称为参照回合）中，整个过程均自由选择踏频。测量行为（踏频）、生物力学（切向踏板力）和生理（心率）反应。
根据现有知识，踏频增加导致最大切向踏板力降低。在50转/分钟和90转/分钟进行初始骑行后，自由选择的踏频分别比参照回合结束时自由选择的踏频（72.4±2.4转/分钟）低约5%和高约5%。这些踏频差异并未伴随心率的统计学显著差异。
自由选择的踏频取决于回合开始时应用的预设踏频。这被称为运动行为历史依赖性现象。
