Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids-based delivery of microRNA-155 inhibits choroidal neovascularization by regulating the polarization of macrophages.

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a common pathological feature of various eye diseases and an important cause of visual impairment in middle-aged and elderly patients. In previous studies, tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) showed good carrier performance. In this experiment, we developed microRNA-155-equipped tFNAs (T-155) and explored its biological effects on CNV. Based on the results of in-vitro experiments, T-155 could regulate macrophages into the antiangiogenic M1 type. Then, we injected T-155 into the vitreous of laser-induced CNV model mice and found that T-155 significantly reduced the size and area of CNV, inhibited blood vessel leakage. In summary, we prove that T-155 could regulate the inflammatory process of CNV by polarizing macrophages, thereby improving the symptoms of CNV. Thus, T-155 might become a new DNA-based drug with great potential for treating CNV.