Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA.
Am J Clin Pathol. 2022 Aug 4;158(2):228-234. doi: 10.1093/ajcp/aqac034.
Glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), a glucose transporter, is an abundant protein in erythrocytes with expression beginning early in erythropoiesis. We sought to evaluate the utility of GLUT1 immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a diagnostic marker for identifying erythroid differentiation in hematopoietic tissues, including neoplastic erythroid proliferations.
A variety of benign and neoplastic bone marrow biopsy specimens containing variable proportions of erythroid precursors were selected (n = 46, including 36 cases of leukemia). GLUT1 IHC was performed using a commercially available polyclonal antibody. Each case was evaluated for staining of erythroid precursors, nonerythroid hematopoietic cells, and blasts. A GATA1/GLUT1 double stain was performed on one case to confirm coexpression of GLUT1 on early erythroid precursors. Staining was compared with other erythroid markers, including glycophorin C.
GLUT1 demonstrated strong membranous staining in erythroid precursors of all cases, which was restricted largely to the erythroid lineage. Of the 36 leukemia cases, all 6 cases of pure erythroid leukemia and both cases of therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia with erythroid differentiation showed positive GLUT1 staining in blasts. Otherwise, only lymphoblasts in B-lymphoblastic leukemia showed weak to moderate granular cytoplasmic staining (four of five cases).
GLUT1 IHC is a highly sensitive and relatively specific marker for erythroid lineage in benign and neoplastic bone marrow biopsy specimens.
葡萄糖转运蛋白 1（GLUT1）是一种葡萄糖转运蛋白，在红细胞中大量表达，其表达始于红细胞生成的早期。我们试图评估 GLUT1 免疫组织化学（IHC）作为鉴定造血组织中红细胞分化的诊断标志物的效用，包括肿瘤性红细胞增生。
选择了各种包含不同比例红细胞前体的良性和恶性骨髓活检标本（n=46，包括 36 例白血病）。使用商业上可获得的多克隆抗体进行 GLUT1 IHC。评估每个病例的红细胞前体、非红细胞造血细胞和原始细胞的染色情况。对一个病例进行了 GATA1/GLUT1 双重染色，以确认 GLUT1 在早期红细胞前体上的共表达。将染色与其他红细胞标志物（包括糖蛋白 C）进行比较。
GLUT1 在所有病例的红细胞前体中均显示出强烈的膜染色，这种染色主要局限于红细胞系。在 36 例白血病病例中，所有 6 例纯红细胞白血病和 2 例治疗相关的急性髓系白血病伴红细胞分化的病例的原始细胞均显示 GLUT1 染色阳性。否则，仅在 B 淋巴细胞白血病的淋巴母细胞中显示弱阳性至中等强度的颗粒细胞质染色（5 例中有 4 例）。
GLUT1 IHC 是一种在良性和恶性骨髓活检标本中高度敏感且相对特异的红细胞谱系标志物。
