Department of Macroscopic Anatomy, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
Center of Cadaver Surgical Training, School of Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
Anat Sci Int. 2022 Jul;97(3):297-302. doi: 10.1007/s12565-022-00662-x. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
The usefulness of cadaver surgical training in the clinical field is already well known. In Japan, the number of universities introducing cadaver surgical training is increasing. In addition to formalin fixation, various fixation methods are used, such as the Thiel method, saturated salt solution method, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone method, and fresh-frozen cadavers. Although protection against infections during fixation and cadaver surgical training has been implemented in most universities, it is currently inadequate. Furthermore, the possibility of undiagnosed infectious diseases in donors cannot be excluded. Prion diseases, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, are relatively rare, but they are fatal, with no effective treatment. The abnormal prion protein that causes prion diseases is resistant to formaldehyde and cannot be inactivated by all methods of cadaver fixation presently in use. Recently developed real-time quaking-induced conversion has been reported to be a useful screening method for prion infection. In addition, this article aims to raise awareness of prion diseases in cadaver surgical training by reviewing the current understanding of prion diseases in cadavers and their screening methods.
尸体手术训练在临床领域的实用性已经众所周知。在日本，越来越多的大学开始引入尸体手术训练。除了福尔马林固定法，还有各种其他固定方法，如 Thiel 法、饱和盐溶液法、N-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷酮法和新鲜冷冻尸体。尽管大多数大学都在尸体固定和手术训练过程中采取了感染防护措施，但目前这些措施还不够完善。此外，不能排除供体中未被诊断出的传染病的可能性。朊病毒病，如克雅氏病，相对较为罕见，但却是致命的，目前尚无有效的治疗方法。引起朊病毒病的异常朊病毒蛋白对甲醛具有抗性，并且无法通过目前使用的所有尸体固定方法失活。最近开发的实时震颤转换已被报道为一种有用的朊病毒感染筛查方法。此外，本文旨在通过回顾目前对尸体中朊病毒病及其筛查方法的认识，提高对尸体手术训练中朊病毒病的认识。
