Wang Guan-Hong, Du Jie, Chu Chen Yi, Madhav Mukund, Hughes Grant L, Champer Jackson
State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Center for Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Trends Genet. 2022 Jul;38(7):708-723. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2022.02.013. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
Mosquitoes bring global health problems by transmitting parasites and viruses such as malaria and dengue. Unfortunately, current insecticide-based control strategies are only moderately effective because of high cost and resistance. Thus, scalable, sustainable, and cost-effective strategies are needed for mosquito-borne disease control. Symbiont-based and genome engineering-based approaches provide new tools that show promise for meeting these criteria, enabling modification or suppression approaches. Symbiotic bacteria like Wolbachia are maternally inherited and manipulate mosquito host reproduction to enhance their vertical transmission. Genome engineering-based gene drive methods, in which mosquitoes are genetically altered to spread drive alleles throughout wild populations, are also proving to be a potentially powerful approach in the laboratory. Here, we review the latest developments in both symbionts and gene drive-based methods. We describe some notable similarities, as well as distinctions and obstacles, relating to these promising technologies.
蚊子通过传播疟疾和登革热等寄生虫和病毒带来全球健康问题。不幸的是，由于成本高昂和抗药性，目前基于杀虫剂的控制策略效果有限。因此，需要可扩展、可持续且具有成本效益的策略来控制蚊媒疾病。基于共生体和基于基因组工程的方法提供了有望满足这些标准的新工具，从而实现修饰或抑制方法。像沃尔巴克氏体这样的共生细菌通过母系遗传，并操纵蚊子宿主的繁殖以增强它们的垂直传播。基于基因组工程的基因驱动方法，即对蚊子进行基因改造以在野生种群中传播驱动等位基因，在实验室中也被证明是一种潜在的强大方法。在这里，我们回顾了基于共生体和基于基因驱动的方法的最新进展。我们描述了与这些有前景的技术相关的一些显著相似之处，以及差异和障碍。
