Roberts D W, Strohbehn J W, Hatch J F, Murray W, Kettenberger H
J Neurosurg. 1986 Oct;65(4):545-9. doi: 10.3171/jns.1986.65.4.0545.
A computer-based system has been developed for the integration and display of computerized tomography (CT) image data in the operating microscope in the correct perspective without requiring a stereotaxic frame. Spatial registration of the CT image data is accomplished by determination of the position of the operating microscope as its focal point is brought to each of three CT-imaged fiducial markers on the scalp. Monitoring of subsequent microscope positions allows appropriate reformatting of CT data into a common coordinate system. The position of the freely moveable microscope is determined by a non-imaging ultrasonic range-finder consisting of three spark gaps attached to the microscope and three microphones on a rigid support in the operating room. Measurement of the acoustic impulse transit times from the spark gaps to the microphones enables calculation of those distances and unique determination of the microscope position. The CT data are reformatted into a plane and orientation corresponding to the microscope's focal plane or to a deeper parallel plane if required. This reformatted information is then projected into the optics of the operating microscope using a miniature cathode ray tube and a beam splitter. The operating surgeon sees the CT information (such as a tumor boundary) superimposed upon the operating field in proper position, orientation, and scale.
已开发出一种基于计算机的系统，用于在手术显微镜中以正确的视角整合和显示计算机断层扫描（CT）图像数据，而无需立体定向框架。通过在手术显微镜的焦点对准头皮上三个CT成像基准标记中的每一个时确定手术显微镜的位置，来完成CT图像数据的空间配准。对后续显微镜位置的监测允许将CT数据适当地重新格式化为一个公共坐标系。可自由移动的显微镜的位置由一个非成像超声测距仪确定，该测距仪由连接到显微镜的三个火花隙和手术室中刚性支架上的三个麦克风组成。测量从火花隙到麦克风的声脉冲传播时间能够计算出这些距离，并唯一确定显微镜的位置。如果需要，CT数据会被重新格式化为与显微镜焦平面相对应的平面和方向，或者重新格式化为更深的平行平面。然后，使用微型阴极射线管和分束器将这种重新格式化后的信息投影到手术显微镜的光学系统中。手术外科医生可以看到CT信息（如肿瘤边界）以正确的位置、方向和比例叠加在手术视野上。
