Nazar Gabriela, Gatica-Saavedra Mariela, Provoste Alvaro, Leiva Ana Maria, Martorell Miquel, Ulloa Natalia, Petermann-Rocha Fanny, Troncoso-Pantoja Claudia, Celis-Morales Carlos
Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Depto de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2021 Oct;149(10):1430-1439. doi: 10.4067/s0034-98872021001001430.
Depression is a highly prevalent disease in Chilean adults.
To identify sociodemographic, biomedical, and psychosocial factors related with depression in a representative sample of the Chilean adult population.
Analysis of data from the National Health Survey 2016-2017 which included 5,291 participants aged > 15 years. Depression was assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-SF). Association between sociodemographic data, health and psychosocial variables and depression was analyzed using Poisson regression with robust error.
The probability of depression was higher in women than in men (prevalence ratio (PR) = 2.13 [95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.65, 2.75]). In both genders, the probability was higher in people with frailty (women: PR = 10.0 [95% CI: 1.86, 18.1] and men: PR = 3.38 [95% CI: 2.72; 4.20]), severe chronic pain (women: PR = 2.84 [95% CI: 1.93, 4.18 and men: PR = 6.41 [95% CI: 3.59, 9.40]), presence of two or more diseases (women: PR = 4.15 [95% CI: 2.78, 6.20 and men: PR = 2.60 [95% CI: 1.39, 3.81]), perception of permanent stress (women: PR = 11.0 [95% CI: 6.13, 16.0], men: PR = 21.0 [95% CI: 10.2, 31.7]), financial stress (women: PR = 2.57 [95% CI: 1.87, 3.27] men: PR = 4.27 [95% CI: 2.48, 6.06] and poor or very poor perception of health (women: PR = 5.02 [95% CI: 1.92, 8.12], men: 2.09 [95% CI: 0.49, 3.69]). In men, the probability of depression was higher for widowers than married man (PR = 5.58 [95% CI: 2.5, 8.25]), presence of goiter (PR = 4.03 [95% CI: 1.99, 6.07]) and low social support (PR = 1.95 [95% CI: 1.18; 2.72]).
The factors associated with a higher probability of depression are diverse in nature. Among these being women, frailty, chronic pain, multimorbidity and high perception of stress are important factors.
抑郁症在智利成年人中是一种高度流行的疾病。
在智利成年人口的代表性样本中，确定与抑郁症相关的社会人口统计学、生物医学和心理社会因素。
分析2016 - 2017年国家健康调查的数据，该调查包括5291名年龄大于15岁的参与者。使用复合国际诊断访谈（CIDI - SF）评估抑郁症。使用稳健误差的泊松回归分析社会人口统计学数据、健康和心理社会变量与抑郁症之间的关联。
女性患抑郁症的概率高于男性（患病率比（PR）= 2.13 [95%置信区间（CI）：1.65, 2.75]）。在两性中，身体虚弱者（女性：PR = 10.0 [95% CI：1.86, 18.1]；男性：PR = 3.38 [95% CI：2.72；4.20]）、患有严重慢性疼痛者（女性：PR = 2.84 [95% CI：1.93, 4.18]；男性：PR = 6.41 [95% CI：3.59, 9.40]）、患有两种或更多种疾病者（女性：PR = 4.15 [95% CI：2.78, 6.20]；男性：PR = 2.60 [95% CI：1.39, 3.81]）、感知到长期压力者（女性：PR = 11.0 [95% CI：6.13, 16.0]；男性：PR = 21.0 [95% CI：10.2, 31.7]）、经济压力者（女性：PR = 2.57 [95% CI：1.87, 3.27]；男性：PR = 4.27 [95% CI：2.48, 6.06]）以及对健康的感知较差或非常差者（女性：PR = 5.02 [95% CI：1.92, 8.12]；男性：2.09 [95% CI：0.49, 3.69]）患抑郁症的概率更高。在男性中，鳏夫患抑郁症的概率高于已婚男性（PR = 5.58 [95% CI：2.5, 8.25]），患有甲状腺肿者（PR = 4.03 [95% CI：1.99, 6.07]）以及社会支持较低者（PR = 1.95 [95% CI：1.18；2.72]）患抑郁症的概率更高。
与抑郁症较高概率相关的因素性质多样。其中，女性、身体虚弱、慢性疼痛、多种疾病并存以及高压力感知是重要因素。
