Yessentayeva Suriya Ye, Makarov Valeriy A, Kalmatayeva Zhanna A, Zhakenova Zhanar K, Arybzhanov Dauranbek T
Department of Oncology and Mammology, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Faculty of Medicine and Health Care, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2021 Oct 12;35:133. doi: 10.47176/mjiri.35.133. eCollection 2021.
Recent changes in understanding of the nature of cancer allow us, in some cases, to consider it a chronic process that requires constant or periodic treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of the methods for diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the Republic of Kazakhstan and present scientifically proven methods for the improvement of existing diagnostic algorithms and treatment programs. This work was a retrospective study. A retrospective study using descriptive and analytical statistics was used as the main method. Reported data and medical records of the patients with NSCLC who were treated from 2015 to 2017 in 6 oncology clinics in the Republic of Kazakhstan were used as study materials. The methods used for histological studies and influence of the patient's sex on the frequency of various histological forms of NSCLC were studied. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies to determine the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene status as well as surgical methods were also studied. A comparative analysis of the compliance of oncologists from various regions of the republic with molecular genetic testing as an essential component of the diagnosis of NSCLC showed that the coverage of patients with immunohistochemical (IHC) and PCR studies in this country is low, 50.9% and 21.2%, respectively. The study included data on 423 patients. At the same time, the majority of studies, 64.2% (IHC) and 100% (PCR), were performed in patients in Almaty and only 35.8% of IHC studies were performed in other 5 regions included in this study. The morphological verification of malignant neoplasms in the lungs was based on histological studies. IHC and PCR coverage of the patients in the country was low. Most of the patients received pharmacotherapy. Surgical interventions were rarely performed. Also, the lack of IHC status data were a risk factor for the patients with NSCLC.
近期对癌症本质认识的变化使我们在某些情况下能够将其视为一种需要持续或定期治疗的慢性疾病。本研究的目的是评估哈萨克斯坦共和国非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的诊断和治疗方法的疗效，并提出经科学验证的方法以改进现有的诊断算法和治疗方案。这项工作是一项回顾性研究。采用描述性和分析性统计的回顾性研究作为主要方法。2015年至2017年在哈萨克斯坦共和国6家肿瘤诊所接受治疗的NSCLC患者的报告数据和病历被用作研究材料。研究了用于组织学研究的方法以及患者性别对NSCLC各种组织学类型频率的影响。还研究了用于确定表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）基因状态的聚合酶链反应（PCR）研究以及手术方法。对共和国不同地区的肿瘤学家将分子基因检测作为NSCLC诊断的重要组成部分的依从性进行的比较分析表明，该国免疫组织化学（IHC）和PCR研究的患者覆盖率较低，分别为50.9%和21.2%。该研究纳入了423名患者的数据。同时，大多数研究，即64.2%（IHC）和100%（PCR），是在阿拉木图的患者中进行的，而在本研究涵盖的其他5个地区仅进行了35.8%的IHC研究。肺部恶性肿瘤的形态学验证基于组织学研究。该国患者的IHC和PCR覆盖率较低。大多数患者接受了药物治疗。很少进行手术干预。此外，缺乏IHC状态数据是NSCLC患者的一个危险因素。
