Wickman K
Scand J Infect Dis. 1986;18(4):337-45. doi: 10.3109/00365548609032345.
An account is rendered of mycobacteria other than Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from specimens sent for culture during 9 years. The possible etiological significance of these bacteria was estimated from clinical data and the degree of bacterial growth. Pulmonary infection was the most common nontuberculous manifestation in the adults. In about 50% of the patients with slowly growing mycobacteria in their respiratory tract, these bacteria were considered to be an etiological factor. This applied to the species of the M. avium-intracellulare (MAI) complex and M. xenopi. M. Kansasii, a common cause of lung disease in many other countries, was rarely isolated. The corresponding figure for the rapidly growing mycobacteria belonging to the M. fortuitum-chelonei complex was 15%. These patients were all severely debilitated by other diseases. Lymphadenitis was the most common nontuberculous infection in children, but occurred only in children not vaccinated with BCG. Bacteria of the MAI complex was the predominating cause. Lung infection caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria did not occur in children.
本文报告了9年间从送检培养的标本中分离出的非结核分枝杆菌。根据临床资料和细菌生长程度评估了这些细菌可能的病因学意义。肺部感染是成人最常见的非结核表现。在呼吸道中分离出生长缓慢的分枝杆菌的患者中，约50%的患者，这些细菌被认为是病因。这适用于鸟分枝杆菌-胞内分枝杆菌（MAI）复合群和偶发分枝杆菌。堪萨斯分枝杆菌在许多其他国家是肺部疾病的常见病因，但很少分离到。属于偶然分枝杆菌-龟分枝杆菌复合群的快速生长分枝杆菌的相应比例为15%。这些患者均因其他疾病而严重虚弱。淋巴结炎是儿童最常见的非结核感染，但仅发生在未接种卡介苗的儿童中。MAI复合群细菌是主要病因。非结核分枝杆菌引起的肺部感染在儿童中未发生。
