Dobri Mirona Letitia, Diaz Alexandre Paim, Selvaraj Sudhakar, Quevedo Joao, Walss-Bass Consuelo, Soares Jair C, Sanches Marsal
Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA.
Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77054, USA.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2022 Mar 15;12(3):78. doi: 10.3390/bs12030078.
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, two of the most severe psychiatric illnesses, have historically been regarded as dichotomous entities but share many features of the premorbid course, clinical profile, genetic factors and treatment approaches. Studies focusing on neuroimaging findings have received considerable attention, as they plead for an improved understanding of the brain regions involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. In this review, we summarize the main magnetic resonance imaging findings in both disorders, aiming at exploring the neuroanatomical and functional similarities and differences between the two. The findings show that gray and white matter structural changes and functional dysconnectivity predominate in the frontal and limbic areas and the frontotemporal circuitry of the brain areas involved in the integration of executive, cognitive and affective functions, commonly affected in both disorders. Available evidence points to a considerable overlap in the affected regions between the two conditions, therefore possibly placing them at opposite ends of a psychosis continuum.
精神分裂症和双相情感障碍是两种最严重的精神疾病，历来被视为截然不同的实体，但在病前病程、临床特征、遗传因素和治疗方法等方面有许多共同特征。专注于神经影像学研究结果的研究受到了广泛关注，因为它们有助于更好地理解精神分裂症和双相情感障碍病理生理学中涉及的脑区。在本综述中，我们总结了这两种疾病的主要磁共振成像研究结果，旨在探索两者之间的神经解剖学和功能异同。研究结果表明，灰质和白质结构变化以及功能失调在额叶和边缘区域以及涉及执行、认知和情感功能整合的脑区的额颞回路中占主导地位，这两个疾病通常都会影响这些区域。现有证据表明这两种疾病在受影响区域有相当大的重叠，因此可能将它们置于精神病连续体的两端。
