Sayegh Ali, Merkert Simon, Zimmermann Joscha, Horn Harald, Saravia Florencia
Engler-Bunte-Institut, Water Chemistry and Water Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-Von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany.
Membranes (Basel). 2022 Feb 23;12(3):255. doi: 10.3390/membranes12030255.
This study aims to evaluate the application of ceramic ultrafiltration membranes in the crossflow mode for the separation of particles and oil in water emulsions (free oil droplets and micelles) from hydrothermal-liquefaction wastewater (HTL-WW) from the hydrothermal liquefaction of municipal sewage sludge. The experiments were carried out using one-channel TiO membranes with pore sizes of 30, 10 and 5 nm. The results showed that the highest stable permeability could be achieved with a membrane-pore size of 10 nm, which experienced less fouling, especially through pore blockage, in comparison to the two other pore sizes. Instead of observing an increase in the permeability, the application of a higher feed temperature as well as backwash cycles led to a clear increase in irreversible fouling due to the presence of surfactants in the HTL-WW. Among several physical and chemical cleaning methods, alkaline cleaning at pH 12 proved to be the most efficient in removing fouling and maintaining stable performance on a long-term basis. Ceramic-membrane ultrafiltration can be considered as an adequate first-stage treatment of real HTL wastewater.
本研究旨在评估陶瓷超滤膜在错流模式下用于分离城市污水污泥水热液化产生的水热液化废水（HTL-WW）中的颗粒和水包油乳液（游离油滴和胶束）的应用。实验使用了孔径为30、10和5纳米的单通道TiO膜进行。结果表明，孔径为10纳米的膜可实现最高的稳定渗透率，与其他两种孔径相比，其污染较少，尤其是孔堵塞现象较少。由于HTL-WW中存在表面活性剂，提高进料温度以及进行反洗循环并没有使渗透率增加，反而导致不可逆污染明显增加。在几种物理和化学清洗方法中，pH值为12的碱性清洗被证明在去除污染和长期保持稳定性能方面最为有效。陶瓷膜超滤可被视为对实际HTL废水进行适当的一级处理方法。
