Department of Botany, Mirpur University of Science & Technology (MUST), Mirpur, AJK, Pakistan.
Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
PLoS One. 2022 Mar 24;17(3):e0264967. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264967. eCollection 2022.
All cereal crops, particularly rice are perpetually affected due to drastic climatic changes which triggers different stressors resulting in food shortage scenarios across the globe. In modern era, application of nanotechnology holds the pledge in combating the climate change mediated environmental stressors through nanomaterials such as pesticides, nano-biosensors, nano-clays and nano-seed priming technologies. Current study is a part of experiment conducted to comprehend the behaviour of rice plants raised from Zinc Oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) primed seeds under the water shortage environment. The seed priming treatment concentrations included 0, 5, 10, 15, 25 and 50 ppm. In the experimental results an increase in plant height, total chlorophyll contents, plant fresh and dry weights was obtained by use of seed priming with ZnONPs. The study results proved that seed priming with 25ppm of ZnONPs increased seed and straw yield with value of 85.333 and 123.333, respectively under water deficit environment. The analysis depicted that 25 ppm has been found more suitable for increasing the 1000 paddy weight of rice plants under both well irrigated and water shortage conditions. Seed priming with ZnONPs results in 53% reduction in MDA contents of water stressed rice plants Drought stress leads to reduction in plant height by 31%, plant fresh weight by 22% and plant dry weight by 28%. Seed priming treatments imparted in current study show significance increase in plant biomass. Priming with ZnONPs further enhances the levels of proline amino acid facilitating the plant to combat water shortage stress. A further elevation in activities of SOD, CAT and POD takes place in rice plants raised from ZnONPs primed seeds by 11%, 13% and 38%, respectively. An elevation in activities of antioxidant enzymes was found and the levels of oxidative stress indicators decreased upon seed priming with ZnONPs. Furthermore the yield characteristics such as panicle length, number of tillers, paddy yield and straw yield of the rice plants raised through ZnONPs primed seeds enhanced. The ZnONPs at concentration of 25 ppm proved optimum in alleviating drought induced damages. It can be inferred that seed pre conditioning with ZnONPs is helpful in increasing yield attributes under the water shortage environment.
所有的谷类作物，特别是水稻，由于剧烈的气候变化而受到持续影响，气候变化引发了不同的胁迫因素，导致全球范围内出现粮食短缺。在现代，纳米技术的应用有望通过纳米材料（如农药、纳米生物传感器、纳米粘土和纳米种子引发技术）来应对气候变化引起的环境胁迫因素。本研究是为了理解在缺水环境下用氧化锌纳米粒子（ZnONPs）引发的种子种植的水稻植株的行为而进行的实验的一部分。种子引发处理浓度包括 0、5、10、15、25 和 50ppm。在实验结果中，通过使用 ZnONPs 进行种子引发处理，观察到水稻植株的株高、总叶绿素含量、植株鲜重和干重均有所增加。研究结果表明，在缺水环境下，种子引发处理浓度为 25ppm 的 ZnONPs 可分别提高种子和稻草的产量，产量值分别为 85.333 和 123.333。分析表明，在充分灌溉和缺水条件下，25ppm 更适合提高水稻植株的千粒重。用 ZnONPs 进行种子引发处理可使受胁迫水稻植株 MDA 含量降低 53%。干旱胁迫导致水稻植株株高降低 31%，植株鲜重降低 22%，植株干重降低 28%。本研究中的种子引发处理显著增加了植株生物量。用 ZnONPs 进行种子引发处理进一步提高了脯氨酸氨基酸的水平，从而使植物能够应对缺水胁迫。用 ZnONPs 引发的种子种植的水稻植株中 SOD、CAT 和 POD 的活性分别提高了 11%、13%和 38%。发现抗氧化酶的活性升高，并且在用 ZnONPs 进行种子引发处理后，氧化应激指标的水平降低。此外，通过 ZnONPs 引发的种子种植的水稻植株的穗长、分蘖数、稻谷产量和稻草产量等产量特征也得到了提高。浓度为 25ppm 的 ZnONPs 被证明在缓解干旱引起的损伤方面是最佳的。可以推断，用 ZnONPs 进行种子预处理有助于在缺水环境下提高产量。
