Schaefer Sylva Mareike, Kaiser Anna, Behrendt Inken, Eichner Gerrit, Fasshauer Mathias
Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany.
Mathematical Institute, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
Brain Sci. 2022 Mar 8;12(3):360. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12030360.
The prevalence of dementia is increasing globally and is linked to obesity and unfavorable dietary habits. The present study analyses the association of alcohol intake from wine and non-wine alcoholic beverages (non-wine) in g/d, as well as coffee and tea in cups/d, with incident dementia. Over 4.2 million person-years, 4270 dementia cases occurred in 351,436 UK Biobank participants. Hazard ratios (HRs) for incident dementia were defined with Cox proportional hazard regression models in which beverage intake was fitted as penalized cubic splines. Wine intake showed a significant U-shaped association with the lowest risk for incident dementia (nadir) ranging from 21 to 23 g alcohol/d in all participants and in males. In contrast, non-wine consumption was significantly and dose-dependently associated with incident dementia, and the nadir was found at 0 g alcohol/d. Coffee consumption was not related to dementia risk, while moderate-to-high tea intake was negatively associated with incident dementia. Taken together, the current study shows on a population level that moderate consumption of wine and moderate-to-high tea intake is associated with a decreased risk of incident dementia. In contrast, non-wine is positively related to dementia risk in a linear fashion, and no clear association is found for coffee.
全球痴呆症的患病率正在上升，且与肥胖和不良饮食习惯有关。本研究分析了以克/天为单位的葡萄酒和非葡萄酒酒精饮料（非葡萄酒）的酒精摄入量，以及以杯/天为单位的咖啡和茶的摄入量与痴呆症发病之间的关联。在超过420万人年的时间里，351436名英国生物银行参与者中发生了4270例痴呆症病例。采用Cox比例风险回归模型定义痴呆症发病的风险比（HRs），其中饮料摄入量拟合为惩罚三次样条。葡萄酒摄入量与痴呆症发病风险呈显著的U形关联，所有参与者和男性中痴呆症发病风险最低（最低点）的酒精摄入量范围为21至23克/天。相比之下，非葡萄酒消费与痴呆症发病显著且呈剂量依赖性相关，最低点出现在酒精摄入量为0克/天。咖啡消费与痴呆症风险无关，而中高量茶的摄入与痴呆症发病呈负相关。综上所述，当前研究在人群层面表明，适量饮用葡萄酒和中高量茶的摄入与痴呆症发病风险降低有关。相比之下，非葡萄酒与痴呆症风险呈线性正相关，而咖啡未发现明确关联。
