Fidani Cristiano
Central Italy Electromagnetic Network, 63847 San Procolo, FM, Italy.
Entropy (Basel). 2022 Mar 2;24(3):359. doi: 10.3390/e24030359.
Lithosphere-ionosphere non-linear interactions create a complex system where links between different phenomena can remain hidden. The statistical correlation between West Pacific strong earthquakes and high-energy electron bursts escaping trapped conditions was demonstrated in past works. Here, it is investigated from the point of view of information. Starting from the conditional probability statistical model, which was deduced from the correlation, the Shannon entropy, the joint entropy, and the conditional entropy are calculated. Time-delayed mutual information and transfer entropy have also been calculated analytically here for binary events: by including correlations between consecutive earthquake events, and between consecutive earthquakes and electron bursts. These quantities have been evaluated for the complex dynamical system of lithosphere-ionosphere; although the expressions calculated by probabilities resulted in being valid for each pair of binary events. Peaks occurred for the same time delay as in the correlations, Δt = 1.5-3.5 h, and as well as for a new time delay, Δt = -58.5--56.5 h, for the transfer entropy; this last is linked to EQ self-correlations from the analysis. Even if the low number of self-correlated EQs makes this second peak insignificant in this case, it is of interest to separate the non-linear contribution of the transfer entropy of binary events in the study of a complex system.
岩石圈 - 电离层非线性相互作用形成了一个复杂系统，其中不同现象之间的联系可能依然隐藏着。过去的研究证实了西太平洋强震与逃逸捕获条件的高能电子暴之间的统计相关性。在此，从信息的角度进行研究。从由相关性推导得出的条件概率统计模型出发，计算香农熵、联合熵和条件熵。本文还针对二元事件解析计算了时间延迟互信息和转移熵：通过纳入连续地震事件之间以及连续地震与电子暴之间的相关性。这些量已针对岩石圈 - 电离层的复杂动力系统进行了评估；尽管通过概率计算得出的表达式对每对二元事件均有效。转移熵出现峰值的时间延迟与相关性中的相同，即Δt = 1.5 - 3.5小时，并且还出现了一个新的时间延迟，即Δt = -58.5 - -56.5小时；从分析来看，后者与地震自相关有关。即便在这种情况下自相关地震数量较少使得第二个峰值不太显著，但在复杂系统研究中分离二元事件转移熵的非线性贡献仍是有意义的。
