Institute for Reproduction and Perinatal Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Mar 9;23(6):2947. doi: 10.3390/ijms23062947.
The rat possesses hemochorial placentation with deep intrauterine trophoblast cell invasion and trophoblast-guided uterine spiral artery remodeling, which resembles human placentation. Uterine spiral arteries are extensively remodeled to deliver sufficient supply of maternal blood and nutrients to the developing fetus. Inadequacies in these key processes negatively impact fetal growth and development. Recent innovations in genome editing combined with effective phenotyping strategies have provided new insights into placental development. Application of these research approaches has highlighted both conserved and species-specific features of hemochorial placentation. The review provides foundational information on rat hemochorial placental development and function during physiological and pathological states, especially as related to the invasive trophoblast cell-guided transformation of uterine spiral arteries. Our goal is to showcase the utility of the rat as a model for in vivo mechanistic investigations targeting regulatory events within the uterine-placental interface.
大鼠具有血绒毛膜胎盘，其特点是深层的宫内滋养细胞浸润和滋养细胞引导的子宫螺旋动脉重塑，这类似于人类胎盘。子宫螺旋动脉广泛重塑，为发育中的胎儿提供充足的母体血液和营养供应。这些关键过程的不足会对胎儿的生长和发育产生负面影响。基因组编辑的最新创新与有效的表型分析策略相结合，为胎盘发育提供了新的见解。这些研究方法的应用突出了血绒毛膜胎盘的保守和物种特异性特征。本综述提供了关于大鼠在生理和病理状态下血绒毛膜胎盘发育和功能的基础信息，特别是与滋养细胞引导的子宫螺旋动脉转化相关的信息。我们的目标是展示大鼠作为模型在体内进行机制研究的实用性，针对子宫胎盘界面内的调节事件。
