Institute of Biomedicine-iBiMED, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Multidisciplinary Institute of Aging, MIA-Portugal, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Rua Largo 2, 3º, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Mar 17;23(6):3232. doi: 10.3390/ijms23063232.
Aging can be defined as the progressive deterioration of cellular, tissue, and organismal function over time. Alterations in protein homeostasis, also known as proteostasis, are a hallmark of aging that lead to proteome imbalances and protein aggregation, phenomena that also occur in age-related diseases. Among the various proteostasis regulators, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to play important roles in the post-transcriptional control of genes involved in maintaining proteostasis during the lifespan in several organismal tissues. In this review, we consolidate recently published reports that demonstrate how miRNAs regulate fundamental proteostasis-related processes relevant to tissue aging, with emphasis on the two most studied tissues, brain tissue and skeletal muscle. We also explore an emerging perspective on the role of miRNA regulatory networks in age-related protein aggregation, a known hallmark of aging and age-related diseases, to elucidate potential miRNA candidates for anti-aging diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
衰老是指随着时间的推移，细胞、组织和机体功能的逐渐恶化。蛋白质稳态的改变，也称为蛋白质平衡，是衰老的一个标志，导致蛋白质组失衡和蛋白质聚集，这些现象也发生在与年龄相关的疾病中。在各种蛋白质稳态调节剂中，microRNAs (miRNAs) 已被报道在几种机体组织的寿命过程中，在转录后水平上对参与维持蛋白质平衡的基因发挥重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们整合了最近发表的报告，这些报告表明了 miRNAs 如何调节与组织衰老相关的基本蛋白质平衡相关过程，重点是研究最多的两种组织，脑组织和骨骼肌。我们还探讨了 miRNA 调节网络在与年龄相关的蛋白质聚集中的新兴作用，这是衰老和与年龄相关的疾病的一个已知标志，以阐明潜在的 miRNA 候选物，作为抗衰老诊断和治疗的靶点。
