Thomas Christopher, Jones Paul A, Dos'Santos Thomas
Directorate of Psychology and Sport, University of Salford, Salford M6 6PU, UK.
Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Musculoskeletal Science and Sports Medicine Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 12;19(6):3352. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063352.
The purpose of this study was to compare countermovement jump force-time measures between strength-matched male and female soccer players. Males ( = 11) and females ( = 11) were strength-matched via isometric mid-thigh pull testing, whereby peak force values were normalised to body mass. Subjects performed three maximal-effort countermovement jumps (CMJs) on a force platform from which a range of kinetic and kinematic variables were calculated via forward dynamics. Thereafter, differences in gross measures were examined via independent -tests, while differences in force-, power-, velocity-, and displacement-time curves throughout the entire CMJ were analysed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Jump height, reactive strength index modified, propulsion mean force, propulsion impulse, and propulsion mean velocity were all greater for males (d = 1.50 to 3.07). Relative force- and velocity-time curves were greater for males at 86-93% (latter half of the concentric phase) and 85-100% (latter half of the concentric phase) of normalized movement time, respectively. Time to take-off, braking phase time, braking mean velocity and impulse, propulsion phase time and centre of mass displacement were similar between males and females (d = -0.23 to 0.97). This research demonstrates the strength of SPM to identify changes between entire force-time curves. Continued development and the use of SPM analysis could present the opportunity for a refined comparison of strength-matched male and female CMJ performance with the analysis of entire force-time curves.
本研究的目的是比较力量匹配的男性和女性足球运动员的反向跳跃力-时间指标。通过等长中大腿拉伸测试使11名男性和11名女性在力量上相匹配，即将峰值力值按体重进行标准化。受试者在测力平台上进行三次最大努力的反向跳跃（CMJ），通过前向动力学计算一系列动力学和运动学变量。此后，通过独立样本t检验检查总体指标的差异，而使用统计参数映射（SPM）分析整个CMJ过程中力、功率、速度和位移-时间曲线的差异。男性的跳跃高度、修正后的反应力量指数、推进平均力、推进冲量和推进平均速度均更高（d = 1.50至3.07）。在标准化运动时间的86 - 93%（向心阶段后半段）和85 - 100%（向心阶段后半段），男性的相对力-时间曲线和速度-时间曲线分别更大。男性和女性之间的起跳时间、制动阶段时间、制动平均速度和冲量、推进阶段时间以及质心位移相似（d = -0.23至0.97）。本研究证明了SPM在识别整个力-时间曲线之间变化方面的优势。持续发展和使用SPM分析可能为通过分析整个力-时间曲线对力量匹配的男性和女性CMJ表现进行精细比较提供机会。
