Sims Sarah, Harris Ruth, Hussein Shereen, Rafferty Anne Marie, Desai Amit, Palmer Sinead, Brearley Sally, Adams Richard, Rees Lindsay, Fitzpatrick Joanne M
The Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, London SE1 8WA, UK.
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 15;19(6):3450. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063450.
Older people living in care homes are at high risk of poor health outcomes and mortality if they contract COVID-19 or other infectious diseases. Measures used to protect residents include social distancing and isolation, although implementation is challenging. This review aimed to assess the social distancing and isolation strategies used by care homes to prevent and control the transmission of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases. Seven electronic databases were searched: Medline, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, HMIC, Social Care Online, and Web of Science Core Collection. Grey literature was searched using MedRxiv, PDQ-Evidence, NICE Evidence Search, LTCCovid19.org and TRIP. Extracted data were synthesised using narrative synthesis and tabulation. 103 papers were included (10 empirical studies, seven literature reviews, and 86 policy documents). Strategies used to prevent and control the transmission of COVID-19 and other infectious diseases included social distancing and isolation of residents and staff, zoning and cohorting of residents, restriction of resident movement/activities, restriction of visitors and restriction of staff working patterns. This review demonstrates a lack of empirical evidence and the limited nature of policy documentation around social distancing and isolation measures in care homes. Evaluative research on these interventions is needed urgently, focusing on the well-being of all residents, particularly those with hearing, vision or cognitive impairments.
居住在养老院的老年人如果感染新冠病毒或其他传染病，健康状况不佳和死亡的风险很高。用于保护居民的措施包括社交距离和隔离，尽管实施起来具有挑战性。本综述旨在评估养老院用于预防和控制新冠病毒及其他传染病传播的社交距离和隔离策略。检索了七个电子数据库：医学期刊数据库（Medline）、护理学与健康领域数据库（CINAHL）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（Embase）、心理学文摘数据库（PsycINFO）、英国健康与照护领域数据库（HMIC）、社会照护在线数据库（Social Care Online）以及科学引文索引核心合集（Web of Science Core Collection）。使用医学预印本数据库（MedRxiv）、美国国立综合癌症网络循证医学数据库（PDQ-Evidence）、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所循证搜索数据库（NICE Evidence Search）、长期新冠病毒研究网站（LTCCovid19.org）和循证医学资源平台（TRIP）检索灰色文献。采用叙述性综合和列表法对提取的数据进行综合分析。纳入了103篇论文（10项实证研究、7篇文献综述和86份政策文件）。用于预防和控制新冠病毒及其他传染病传播的策略包括居民和工作人员的社交距离和隔离、居民的分区和分组、限制居民活动、限制访客以及限制工作人员工作模式。本综述表明，关于养老院社交距离和隔离措施的实证证据不足，政策文件也有限。迫切需要对这些干预措施进行评估研究，重点关注所有居民的福祉，尤其是那些有听力、视力或认知障碍的居民。
