Sohail Quahir, Erginbas-Orakci Gul, Ozdemir Fatih, Jighly Abdulqader, Dreisigacker Susanne, Bektas Harun, Birisik Nevzat, Ozkan Hakan, Dababat Abdelfattah A
AgroBioSciences (AgBS), University Mohammed VI Polytechnic (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco.
Global Wheat Program, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Ankara 06810, Turkey.
Life (Basel). 2022 Mar 4;12(3):372. doi: 10.3390/life12030372.
L., also known as common wheat, is affected by many biotic stresses. Root diseases are the most difficult to tackle due to the complexity of phenotypic evaluation and the lack of resistant sources compared to other biotic stress factors. Soil-borne pathogens such as the root-lesion nematodes caused by the Pratylenchus species and crown rot caused by various Fusarium species are major wheat root diseases, causing substantial yield losses globally. A set of 189 advanced spring bread wheat lines obtained from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) were genotyped with 4056 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers and screened for root-lesion nematodes and crown rot resistance. Population structure revealed that the genotypes could be divided into five subpopulations. Genome-Wide Association Studies were carried out for both resistances to Pratylenchus and Fusarium species. Based on our results, 11 different SNPs on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5B, and 5D were significantly associated with root-lesion nematode resistance. Seven markers demonstrated association with while the remaining four were linked to resistance. In the case of crown rot, eight different markers on chromosomes 1A, 2B, 3A, 4B, 5B, and 7D were associated with Fusarium crown rot resistance. Identification and screening of root diseases is a challenging task; therefore, the newly identified resistant sources/genotypes could be exploited by breeders to be incorporated in breeding programs. The use of the identified markers in marker-assisted selection could enhance the selection process and cultivar development with root-lesion nematode and crown rot resistance.
普通小麦也受到多种生物胁迫的影响。与其他生物胁迫因素相比，由于表型评估的复杂性和抗性资源的缺乏，根部病害最难应对。由短体线虫属引起的根腐线虫和各种镰刀菌引起的冠腐病等土传病原体是主要的小麦根部病害，在全球范围内造成了巨大的产量损失。对从国际玉米和小麦改良中心（CIMMYT）获得的一组189个春性面包小麦品系进行了基因分型，使用了4056个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记，并对根腐线虫和冠腐病抗性进行了筛选。群体结构分析表明，这些基因型可分为五个亚群。对短体线虫和镰刀菌的抗性均进行了全基因组关联研究。根据我们的结果，1A、1B、2A、3A、4A、5B和5D染色体上的11个不同SNP与根腐线虫抗性显著相关。七个标记与[此处原文缺失相关信息]相关，其余四个与[此处原文缺失相关信息]抗性相关。在冠腐病方面，1A、2B、3A、4B、5B和7D染色体上的八个不同标记与镰刀菌冠腐病抗性相关。根部病害的鉴定和筛选是一项具有挑战性的任务；因此，育种者可以利用新鉴定出的抗性资源/基因型并将其纳入育种计划中。在标记辅助选择中使用已鉴定的标记可以加强对根腐线虫和冠腐病抗性的选择过程及品种培育。
