da Mota Moreira Ivo, Krause Anne, Memmert Daniel
Institute of Exercise Training and Sport Informatics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany -
Institute of Exercise Training and Sport Informatics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2022 Dec;62(12):1654-1661. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.22.13428-6. Epub 2022 Mar 25.
Electromyostimulation (EMS) is an additional training stimulus to voluntary muscle activation, which was previously used for rehabilitation purposes only. However, its use has increasingly been shown to be able to optimize sports performance. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effects of EMS training on physiological determinants of endurance performance in healthy subjects.
The aim of this systematic review was to examine the effects of EMS training on endurance-related performance parameters in healthy subjects. A systematic search of three databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Livivo), based on PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis) guidelines was performed. Studies that included healthy subjects, electromyostimulation intervention with control group, physiological and endurance performance outcomes were assessed. The quality of studies was evaluated with the PEDro Scale.
Full-text articles of 26 studies were reviewed and 11 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The results revealed improvements in maximal oxygen uptake, oxygen uptake at ventilatory thresholds, running economy, and maximal lactate blood concentrations following EMS intervention; while maximum heart rate was not affected. Performance outcomes such as time-trial performance, time to exhaustion, and maximal work capacity also tended to be improved.
The findings of this review conclude that electromyostimulation enhances oxygen uptake, running economy, lactate concentrations, and time-trial performance. Therefore, endurance could be improved in healthy individuals. Furthermore, its time efficiency advantages increase the potential and interest for further use and research. Nevertheless, methodological differences should be considered and more consensus in training programs is needed, to prove that electromyostimulation is beneficial regarding endurance parameters in healthy subjects.
肌电刺激（EMS）是一种对自主肌肉激活的额外训练刺激，以前仅用于康复目的。然而，越来越多的研究表明，它能够优化运动表现。本系统评价的目的是研究EMS训练对健康受试者耐力表现生理决定因素的影响。
本系统评价的目的是研究EMS训练对健康受试者耐力相关表现参数的影响。根据PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析优先报告项目）指南，对三个数据库（PubMed、SPORTDiscus和Livivo）进行了系统检索。纳入了包含健康受试者、有对照组的肌电刺激干预、生理和耐力表现结果的研究。使用PEDro量表评估研究质量。
对26项研究的全文进行了审查，其中11项符合纳入标准。结果显示，EMS干预后，最大摄氧量、通气阈值时的摄氧量、跑步经济性和最大血乳酸浓度均有所改善；而最大心率未受影响。计时赛成绩、疲劳时间和最大工作能力等表现结果也往往有所改善。
本综述的结果表明，肌电刺激可提高摄氧量、跑步经济性、乳酸浓度和计时赛成绩。因此，健康个体的耐力可以得到改善。此外它在时间效率方面的优势增加了进一步应用和研究的潜力和兴趣。然而，应考虑方法学上的差异，并且在训练方案上需要更多的共识，以证明肌电刺激对健康受试者的耐力参数有益。
