Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
OSU Extension, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Nutrients. 2022 Mar 20;14(6):1306. doi: 10.3390/nu14061306.
The association of household food insecurity with symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and emotional dysregulation in children was examined in this study. We utilized baseline data from 134 children aged 6-12 years who were enrolled in a clinical trial investigating multinutrient supplementation as a treatment for ADHD and emotional dysregulation. Household food security status was assessed using the 18-item US Household Food Security Survey Module. The symptoms of ADHD and emotional dysregulation disorders (oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)) were assessed using the Child and Adolescent Symptom Inventory-5 and other comorbid emotional dysregulation symptoms were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Multiple linear regression determined associations between household food security status and symptoms of ADHD, ODD and DMDD, emotional symptoms and conduct problems. Household food insecurity was associated with more severe emotional symptoms (β = 2.30; 95% CI = 0.87-3.73; = 0.002), conduct problems (β = 1.15; 95% CI = 0.01-2.30; = 0.049) and total difficulties scores (β = 4.59; 95% CI = 1.82-7.37; = 0.001) after adjusting for covariates (child's sex, parent marital status, household income, parental anxiety and other parental psychopathology). In unadjusted analyses, household food insecurity was also associated with increased ODD (β = 0.58; 95% CI = 0.21-0.95; = 0.003) and DMDD symptoms (β = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.20-1.19; = 0.006), but these associations attenuated to non-significance after adjusting for all covariates. Household food insecurity was associated with more severe emotional dysregulation symptoms. Discussing and addressing food insecurity may be appropriate initial steps for youths with ADHD and emotional dysregulation.
本研究探讨了家庭食物不安全与儿童注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）和情绪调节障碍症状之间的关系。我们利用了一项临床试验的基线数据，该试验调查了多种营养素补充作为治疗 ADHD 和情绪调节障碍的方法，共纳入了 134 名 6-12 岁的儿童。家庭食物安全状况采用美国家庭食物安全调查模块的 18 项评估。ADHD 和情绪调节障碍症状（对立违抗性障碍（ODD）和破坏性情绪失调障碍（DMDD））采用儿童和青少年症状清单-5 评估，其他共病性情绪调节障碍症状采用优势与困难问卷（SDQ）评估。多元线性回归确定了家庭食物安全状况与 ADHD、ODD 和 DMDD 症状、情绪症状和行为问题之间的关联。家庭食物不安全与更严重的情绪症状（β=2.30；95%CI=0.87-3.73；P=0.002）、行为问题（β=1.15；95%CI=0.01-2.30；P=0.049）和总困难得分（β=4.59；95%CI=1.82-7.37；P=0.001）相关，调整了协变量（儿童性别、父母婚姻状况、家庭收入、父母焦虑和其他父母精神病理学）后。在未调整的分析中，家庭食物不安全也与 ODD（β=0.58；95%CI=0.21-0.95；P=0.003）和 DMDD 症状（β=0.69；95%CI=0.20-1.19；P=0.006）的增加相关，但在调整了所有协变量后，这些关联减弱至无统计学意义。家庭食物不安全与更严重的情绪调节障碍症状相关。对于患有 ADHD 和情绪调节障碍的青少年，讨论和解决食物不安全问题可能是适当的初始步骤。
