Stability and Removal of Benzophenone-Type UV Filters from Water Matrices by Advanced Oxidation Processes.

Benzophenone (BP) type UV filters are common environmental contaminants that are posing a growing health concern due to their increasing presence in water. Different studies have evidenced the presence of benzophenones (BP, BP-1, BP-2, BP-3, BP-4, BP-9, HPB) in several environmental matrices, indicating that conventional technologies of water treatment are not able to remove them. It has also been reported that these compounds could be associated with endocrine-disrupting activities, genotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity. This review focuses on the degradation kinetics and mechanisms of benzophenone-type UV filters and their degradation products (DPs) under UV and solar irradiation and in UV-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as UV/HO, UV/persulfate, and the Fenton process. The effects of various operating parameters, such as UV irradiation including initial concentrations of HO, persulfate, and Fe, on the degradation of tested benzophenones from aqueous matrices, and conditions that allow higher degradation rates to be achieved are presented. Application of nanoparticles such as TiO, PbO/TiO, and SbO/TiO for the photocatalytic degradation of benzophenone-type UV filters was included in this review.