Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Viruses. 2022 Feb 28;14(3):503. doi: 10.3390/v14030503.
Bees, both wild and domesticated ones, are hosts to a plethora of viruses, with most of them infecting a wide range of bee species and genera. Although viral discovery and research on bee viruses date back over 50 years, the last decade is marked by a surge of new studies, new virus discoveries, and reports on viral transmission in and between bee species. This steep increase in research on bee viruses was mainly initiated by the global reports on honeybee colony losses and the worldwide wild bee decline, where viruses are regarded as one of the main drivers. While the knowledge gained on bee viruses has significantly progressed in a short amount of time, we believe that integration of host defense strategies and their effect on viral dynamics in the multi-host viral landscape are important aspects that are currently still missing. With the large epidemiological dataset generated over the last two years on the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the role of these defense mechanisms in shaping viral dynamics has become eminent. Integration of these dynamics in a multi-host system would not only greatly aid the understanding of viral dynamics as a driver of wild bee decline, but we believe bee pollinators and their viruses provide an ideal system to study the multi-host viruses and their epidemiology.
蜜蜂，无论是野生的还是家养的，都是多种病毒的宿主，其中大多数病毒感染广泛的蜜蜂物种和属。尽管对蜜蜂病毒的发现和研究可以追溯到 50 多年前，但在过去的十年中，新的研究、新的病毒发现以及关于蜜蜂种间和种内病毒传播的报告呈激增趋势。对蜜蜂病毒的研究急剧增加主要是由于全球报道的蜜蜂种群损失和全球野生蜜蜂数量下降，其中病毒被认为是主要驱动因素之一。虽然在短时间内，对蜜蜂病毒的了解已经取得了重大进展，但我们认为，整合宿主防御策略及其对多宿主病毒景观中病毒动态的影响是当前仍然缺失的重要方面。在过去两年中，关于 SARS-CoV-2 大流行产生了大量的流行病学数据集，这些防御机制在塑造病毒动态方面的作用变得尤为突出。将这些动态整合到多宿主系统中，不仅将极大地帮助我们理解病毒动态是导致野生蜜蜂减少的驱动因素，而且我们相信蜜蜂传粉媒介及其病毒为研究多宿主病毒及其流行病学提供了一个理想的系统。
