Botoman V A, Surawicz C M
Gastrointest Endosc. 1986 Oct;32(5):342-6. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107(86)71880-4.
The authors have reviewed 40 prospective studies of bacteremia with gastrointestinal procedures. Endoscopic procedures with a low mean frequency of bacteremia were esophagogastroduodenoscopy (4.2%), endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (5.6%), colonoscopy (2.2%), and sigmoidoscopy (4.9%). A higher mean frequency of bacteremia was encountered with esophageal dilation (45%) and variceal sclerotherapy (31%), although the number of patients studied was small. Potentially pathogenic organisms, such as Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphylococcus epidermidis have been isolated. Recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis are reviewed. Less cumbersome regimens encourage compliance and are preferred.
作者回顾了40项关于胃肠道手术导致菌血症的前瞻性研究。菌血症平均发生率较低的内镜手术包括食管胃十二指肠镜检查（4.2%）、内镜逆行胰胆管造影（5.6%）、结肠镜检查（2.2%）和乙状结肠镜检查（4.9%）。食管扩张术（45%）和静脉曲张硬化疗法（31%）的菌血症平均发生率较高，不过所研究的患者数量较少。已分离出潜在致病微生物，如草绿色链球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和表皮葡萄球菌。对预防性使用抗生素的建议进行了回顾。较简便的方案更能促进依从性，因而更受青睐。
