硼的优势：硼在药物化学中的应用演变与多样化

Messner Katia, Vuong Billy, Tranmer Geoffrey K

Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada.

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T5, Canada.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2022 Feb 22;15(3):264. doi: 10.3390/ph15030264.

In this review, the history of boron's early use in drugs, and the history of the use of boron functional groups in medicinal chemistry applications are discussed. This includes diazaborines, boronic acids, benzoxaboroles, boron clusters, and carboranes. Furthermore, critical developments from these functional groups are highlighted along with recent developments, which exemplify potential prospects. Lastly, the application of boron in the form of a prodrug, softdrug, and as a nanocarrier are discussed to showcase boron's emergence into new and exciting fields. Overall, we emphasize the evolution of organoboron therapeutic agents as privileged structures in medicinal chemistry and outline the impact that boron has had on drug discovery and development.

在本综述中，讨论了硼在药物中的早期使用历史，以及硼官能团在药物化学应用中的使用历史。这包括重氮硼烷、硼酸、苯并氧硼杂环戊烷、硼簇和碳硼烷。此外，还重点介绍了这些官能团的关键进展以及近期进展，这些进展例证了潜在的前景。最后，讨论了硼在前药、软药形式中的应用以及作为纳米载体的应用，以展示硼在新的令人兴奋的领域中的出现。总体而言，我们强调有机硼治疗剂作为药物化学中特权结构的演变，并概述了硼对药物发现和开发的影响。