Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.
Department of Clinical Sciences, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA,
J Zoo Wildl Med. 2022 Mar;53(1):133-140. doi: 10.1638/2021-0033.
Thromboelastography (TEG) provides a global assessment of hemostasis and fibrinolysis and has broad applications to identify and monitor coagulation dysfunction in veterinary patients. Although alpacas are susceptible to a wide variety of coagulopathies, the assessment of TEG has not been reported in clinically healthy alpacas to date. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the analytical performance of recombinant human tissue factor (rhTF)- and kaolin-activated TEG and to establish reference intervals for TEG parameters (reaction [R] and clotting [K] times, angle [α], maximum amplitude [MA], and shear elastic modulus [G]) in healthy, adult alpacas. Kaolin and rhTF-activated TEG were performed using citrated whole blood samples from 20 clinically healthy, nonpregnant, adult Huacaya alpacas each after 30 min of sample storage at room temperature. Six individuals of a related species, dromedary camels, were also sampled for comparative purposes. All data were presented descriptively, assessed for normality, and compared using either independent-sample tests or Mann-Whitney U tests, with ≤ 0.05 considered significant. Reference intervals were calculated using a robust method and Box-Cox-transformed data. Mean TEG values (reference intervals) were determined for rhTF-activated TEG as follows: R 6.99 min (3.41-12.71), K 3.43 min (1.61-6.42), α 48.51° (27.21-67.38), MA 52.05 mm (21.53-65.92), and G 5.71 kdyn/cm (1.87-9.60), while mean values (reference intervals) for kaolin-activated TEG included R 7.72 min (4.48-11.43), K 4.24 min (2.03-9.20), α 45.06° (23.66-64.20), MA 52.18 mm (33.49-66.63), and G 5.78 kdyn/cm (NR-9.66). None of the measured TEG values differed significantly between activators, suggesting that activator choice may have a limited effect on TEG parameters in healthy alpacas. TEG results in alpacas were comparable to those of dromedary camels. These results will thus provide a useful starting point in the evaluation of hemostasis in adult camelids.
血栓弹力图（TEG）提供了对止血和纤维蛋白溶解的全面评估，并广泛应用于识别和监测兽医患者的凝血功能障碍。尽管羊驼容易发生多种凝血疾病，但迄今为止，尚未在临床健康的羊驼中报告 TEG 的评估。本研究的目的是评估重组人组织因子（rhTF）和高岭土激活的 TEG 的分析性能，并建立健康成年羊驼 TEG 参数（反应[R]和凝血[K]时间、角度[α]、最大振幅[MA]和剪切弹性模量[G]）的参考区间。使用柠檬酸化的全血样本，在室温下储存 30 分钟后，对 20 只临床健康、非妊娠、成年 Huacaya 羊驼进行高岭土和 rhTF 激活的 TEG。还对 6 只相关物种骆驼进行了采样，用于比较目的。所有数据均以描述性方式呈现，进行正态性评估，并使用独立样本 t 检验或曼-惠特尼 U 检验进行比较，认为 ≤ 0.05 有统计学意义。使用稳健方法和 Box-Cox 转换数据计算参考区间。rhTF 激活 TEG 的平均 TEG 值（参考区间）如下：R 6.99 min（3.41-12.71），K 3.43 min（1.61-6.42），α 48.51°（27.21-67.38），MA 52.05 mm（21.53-65.92），G 5.71 kdyn/cm（1.87-9.60），而高岭土激活 TEG 的平均数值（参考区间）包括 R 7.72 min（4.48-11.43），K 4.24 min（2.03-9.20），α 45.06°（23.66-64.20），MA 52.18 mm（33.49-66.63），G 5.78 kdyn/cm（NR-9.66）。两种激活剂之间的 TEG 值均无显著差异，提示激活剂选择可能对健康羊驼的 TEG 参数影响有限。羊驼的 TEG 结果与骆驼的结果相似。这些结果将为评价成年骆驼的止血功能提供一个有用的起点。
