A. Watson Armour III Center for Animal Health and Welfare, John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL 60605, USA,
A. Watson Armour III Center for Animal Health and Welfare, John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL 60605, USA.
J Zoo Wildl Med. 2022 Mar;53(1):153-158. doi: 10.1638/2021-0123.
Elasmobranchs are popular display animals in public aquaria and zoos, but medical management gaps remain in the understanding of the pharmacokinetics of analgesics and pain management in these species. Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that has been evaluated intravenously and intramuscularly in teleosts, but has yet to be studied in any elasmobranch species. The pharmacokinetics of meloxicam were determined in 17 yellow stingrays (). All stingrays were determined to be healthy from complete physical examinations and baseline bloodwork performed prior to study inclusion. A single dose of 1 mg/kg meloxicam intramuscularly was administered to all rays, followed by a 2 mg/kg oral dose after an 8 wk washout period. Blood samples were collected from the mesopterygial vein at baseline and nine time points up to 96 h after administration of meloxicam. Plasma concentrations were determined using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using a noncompartmental technique. The mean peak plasma concentrations for intramuscular and oral meloxicam were 1.29 and 0.42 µg/ml, respectively. The mean terminal half-lives of meloxicam after intramuscular and oral administration were 5.75 and 15.46 h, respectively. Based on these findings, the recommended meloxicam dosage and frequency for yellow stingrays is 2 mg/kg orally once daily. Due to rapid elimination with the intramuscular administration, maintaining clinically relevant plasma concentrations may be difficult using this route. Further studies are needed to determine multidose pharmacokinetics of meloxicam in yellow stingrays, as well as single-dose and multidose pharmacokinetics in other elasmobranch species.
黄貂鱼是公共水族馆和动物园中受欢迎的展示动物，但在这些物种中，人们对镇痛剂和疼痛管理的药代动力学理解仍存在医学管理差距。美洛昔康是一种非甾体抗炎药，已在硬骨鱼类中进行了静脉内和肌肉内评估，但尚未在任何软骨鱼类物种中进行研究。本研究旨在确定黄貂鱼中美洛昔康的药代动力学。共纳入 17 条黄貂鱼（）。所有黄貂鱼均通过完整的体格检查和入组前的基线血液检查被确定为健康。所有黄貂鱼均肌肉内注射 1mg/kg 的美洛昔康，8 周洗脱期后口服 2mg/kg 的美洛昔康。在基线和肌肉内给予美洛昔康后 9 个时间点，从中翼静脉采集血样。使用反相高效液相色谱法测定血浆浓度。使用非房室技术进行药代动力学分析。肌肉内和口服美洛昔康的平均峰血浆浓度分别为 1.29 和 0.42 µg/ml。肌肉内和口服美洛昔康的平均终末半衰期分别为 5.75 和 15.46 小时。根据这些发现，建议黄貂鱼的美洛昔康剂量和频率为 2mg/kg 口服，每天一次。由于肌肉内给药的消除速度较快，使用这种途径可能难以维持临床相关的血浆浓度。需要进一步研究以确定黄貂鱼中美洛昔康的多剂量药代动力学，以及其他软骨鱼类物种的单剂量和多剂量药代动力学。
