The Waite Research Institute and the School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, the University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia.
The Waite Research Institute and the School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, the University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, PMB1, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jul 20;831:154800. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154800. Epub 2022 Mar 25.
There is a growing awareness surrounding the importance of maintaining and increasing soil organic carbon (SOC, henceforth) stocks in vineyard systems. Increasing SOC positively influences numerous soil properties and has the added advantage of removing atmospheric CO, thereby helping to mitigate the effects of climate change. Cover crops have long been used to influence soil properties in vineyard mid-rows, including increasing SOC content. Few studies, however, have quantified cover crop influence on SOC stocks and composition in the under-vine area, owing to a general reluctance to adopt under-vine cover crop management. This research aims to quantify SOC stocks and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in soils from four treatments of under-vine management practice including two cover crop combinations, a straw mulch and herbicide-managed control across two vineyard sites established in 2014. We sampled soils under-vine to depths of 0-30 cm (stratified; 0-10 cm and 10-30 cm) and quantified both SOC concentrations and bulk density to ascertain SOC stocks. Further to this, we quantified water extractable organic carbon (WEOC) as a measure of the labile carbon stock, and measured heterotrophic respiration in a laboratory incubation as an indication of SOC turnover. We found that cover crop-managed soil under-vine sequesters up to 23% more soil organic carbon (SOC) as the traditional, herbicide practice over a five-year period of growth. Microbial activity increased by more than double in cover crop soils, owing to an increase in DOC and that there is evidence for more resistant C in cover crop soils. These results suggest that cover crop management under-vine is a viable solution to increase SOC stocks within vineyard systems. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that a shift from bare earth to cover crops in the under-vine region has the potential to sequester carbon in vineyard soils.
人们越来越意识到在葡萄园系统中保持和增加土壤有机碳（SOC，以下简称）储量的重要性。SOC 的增加会对许多土壤特性产生积极影响，并且还有额外的优势，即可以去除大气中的 CO，从而有助于缓解气候变化的影响。长期以来，覆盖作物一直被用于影响葡萄园中间行的土壤特性，包括增加 SOC 含量。然而，由于普遍不愿意采用葡萄园下的覆盖作物管理，因此很少有研究量化覆盖作物对 SOC 储量和组成的影响。本研究旨在量化两个葡萄园地点于 2014 年建立的四个葡萄园下管理实践（包括两种覆盖作物组合、秸秆覆盖和除草剂管理对照）的 SOC 储量和土壤溶解有机碳（DOC）。我们在葡萄园下从 0 到 30cm （分层；0-10cm 和 10-30cm）的深度取样土壤，并量化 SOC 浓度和体密度以确定 SOC 储量。除此之外，我们还量化了可水提取有机碳（WEOC）作为易位碳储量的指标，并在实验室培养中测量了异养呼吸作为 SOC 周转率的指示。我们发现，在五年的生长过程中，与传统的除草剂实践相比，覆盖作物管理的土壤下的 SOC 储量多了 23%。由于 DOC 的增加，覆盖作物土壤中的微生物活性增加了一倍多，并且有证据表明覆盖作物土壤中的 C 更具抗性。这些结果表明，在葡萄园系统中，覆盖作物下的管理是增加 SOC 储量的可行解决方案。总之，这项研究的结果表明，从裸地到葡萄园下的覆盖作物的转变有可能在葡萄园土壤中固碳。
