Stoczynska-Fidelus Ewelina, Węgierska Marta, Kierasińska Amelia, Ciunowicz Damian, Rieske Piotr
Department of Molecular Biology, Chair of Medical Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9 St., 90-752 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Tumor Biology, Chair of Medical Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9 St., 90-752 Lodz, Poland.
J Oncol. 2022 Mar 18;2022:5969536. doi: 10.1155/2022/5969536. eCollection 2022.
Although the role of senescence in many physiological and pathological processes is becoming more identifiable, many aspects of senescence are still enigmatic. A special attention is paid to the role of this phenomenon in tumor development and therapy. This review mainly deals with a large spectrum of oncological issues, beginning with therapy-induced senescence and ending with oncogene-induced senescence. Moreover, the role of senescence in experimental approaches, such as primary cancer cell culture or reprogramming into stem cells, is also beginning to receive further consideration. Additional focus is made on senescence resulting from mitotic catastrophe processes triggered by events occurring during mitosis and jeopardizing chromosomal stability. It has to be also realized that based on recent findings, the basics of senescent cell property interpretation, such as irreversibility of proliferation blockade, can be undermined. It shows that the definition of senescence probably requires updating. Finally, the role of senescence is lately more understandable in the immune system, especially since senescence can diminish the effectiveness of the chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding all these issues.
尽管衰老在许多生理和病理过程中的作用越来越明显，但衰老的许多方面仍然神秘莫测。人们特别关注这一现象在肿瘤发生发展和治疗中的作用。本综述主要涉及广泛的肿瘤学问题，从治疗诱导的衰老开始，到癌基因诱导的衰老结束。此外，衰老在实验方法中的作用，如原代癌细胞培养或重编程为干细胞，也开始受到更多关注。另外，由有丝分裂过程中发生的事件引发并危及染色体稳定性的有丝分裂灾难过程所导致的衰老也受到更多关注。还必须认识到，基于最近的研究结果，衰老细胞特性解释的基础，如增殖阻滞的不可逆性，可能会受到挑战。这表明衰老的定义可能需要更新。最后，衰老在免疫系统中的作用最近更易理解，特别是因为衰老会降低嵌合抗原受体T细胞（CAR-T）疗法的有效性。在本综述中，我们总结了关于所有这些问题的当前知识。
