俄罗斯人群中黄斑色素光学密度及其决定因素：乌拉尔眼与医学研究。
Macular pigment optical density and its determinants in a Russian population: the ural eye and medical study.
机构信息
Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russia.
Ufa Eye Institute, Ufa, Russia.
出版信息
Acta Ophthalmol. 2022 Dec;100(8):e1691-e1700. doi: 10.1111/aos.15131. Epub 2022 Mar 28.
PURPOSE
To assess the macular pigment optical density (MPOD) and its associations with ocular and systemic parameters and diseases.
METHODS
The population-based study Ural Eye and Medical Study included 5899 (80.5%) out of 7328 eligible individuals. As part of ophthalmological and systemic examinations, MPOD was measured by reflectometry.
RESULTS
Macular pigment optical density (MPOD) data were available for 4889 (82.9%) individuals (mean age:57.8 ± 10.1 years;range: 40-94). Mean values for MOPD, maximal MOPD, macular pigment (MP) area and MP volume were 0.13 ± 0.04 d.u. (density units), 0.36 ± 0.09 d.u., 60 791 ± 14 826 pixel and 8033 ± 2888 d.u.pixel, respectively. A higher MP density was correlated (regression coefficient r: 0.63) with older age (standardized regression coefficient beta: 0.59; non-standardized regression coefficient B: 0.23; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.22, 0.23; p < 0.001), female sex (beta: 0.08; B:0.63; 95%CI: 0.44, 0.83; p < 0.001), rural region of habitation (beta: 0.13; B: 1.02; 95%CI: 0.83, 1.22; p < 0.001), lower body mass index (beta: -0.04; B: -0.03; 95%CI: -0.05, 0.01; p = 0.004), lower prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (beta: -0.03; B: -0.43; 95%CI: -0.79, -0.08; p = 0.02), higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (beta: 0.03; B: 0.01; 95%CI: 0.002, 0.02; p = 0.03), lower leukocyte cell count (beta: -0.04; B: -0.10; 95%CI: -0.16, -0.03; p = 0.003), thinner temporal parafoveal retinal thickness (beta: -0.06; B: -0.01;95%CI: -0.01, -0.003; p < 0.001), thinner central corneal thickness (beta: -0.06; B: -0.006; 95%CI: -0.009, -0.004; p < 0.001), higher prevalence of pseudophakia (beta: 0.09;B:2.08; 95%CI: 1.50, 2.65; p < 0.001) and reticular pseudo drusen (RPD) (beta: 0.03; B: 0.56; 95%CI: 0.13, 0.98; p = 0.01) and lower stage of open-angle glaucoma (beta: -0.03; B: -0.39; 95%CI: -0.74, -0.04; p = 0. 03). Prevalence (p = 0.44; beta: -0.01) and degree (p = 0.70; beta: -0.01) of angle-closure glaucoma, prevalence (p = 0.31; beta: 0.01) of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) without RPD and prevalence (p = 0.95; beta: 0.001) of diabetic retinopathy were not significantly associated with the mean MP density in that model.
CONCLUSIONS
A higher RPD prevalence and lower stage of open-angle glaucoma were ophthalmological disorders associated with a higher MPOD in a multivariable analysis, including parameters of older age, pseudophakia, female sex, rural region, lower body mass index and lower perifoveal retinal thickness.
目的
评估黄斑色素光学密度（MPOD）及其与眼部和全身参数及疾病的关系。
方法
本研究为基于人群的乌拉尔眼与医学研究，共纳入了 7328 名符合条件的个体中的 5899 名（80.5%）。作为眼科和全身检查的一部分，通过反射计测量黄斑色素密度。
结果
共有 4889 名（82.9%）个体的黄斑色素密度（MPOD）数据可用（平均年龄：57.8±10.1 岁；范围：40-94 岁）。MPOD、最大 MPOD、黄斑色素（MP）面积和 MP 体积的平均值分别为 0.13±0.04 d.u.（密度单位）、0.36±0.09 d.u.、60791±14826 像素和 8033±2888 d.u.pixel。较高的 MP 密度与年龄较大（回归系数 r：0.63）、女性（β：0.08；B：0.63；95%CI：0.44，0.83；p<0.001）、居住在农村地区（β：0.13；B：1.02；95%CI：0.83，1.22；p<0.001）、较低的体质指数（β：-0.04；B：-0.03；95%CI：-0.05，0.01；p=0.004）、较低的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病率（β：-0.03；B：-0.43；95%CI：-0.79，-0.08；p=0.02）、较高的红细胞沉降率（β：0.03；B：0.01；95%CI：0.002，0.02；p=0.03）、较低的白细胞计数（β：-0.04；B：-0.10；95%CI：-0.16，-0.03；p=0.003）、较薄的颞侧旁中心视网膜厚度（β：-0.06；B：-0.01；95%CI：-0.01，-0.003；p<0.001）、较薄的中央角膜厚度（β：-0.06；B：-0.006；95%CI：-0.009，-0.004；p<0.001）、较高的白内障患病率（β：0.09；B：2.08；95%CI：1.50，2.65；p<0.001）和网状假性玻璃膜疣（RPD）（β：0.03；B：0.56；95%CI：0.13，0.98；p=0.01）以及较低的开角型青光眼分期（β：-0.03；B：-0.39；95%CI：-0.74，-0.04；p=0.03）。在该模型中，闭角型青光眼的患病率（p=0.44；β：-0.01）和程度（p=0.70；β：-0.01）、无 RPD 的年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）的患病率（p=0.31；β：0.01）和糖尿病性视网膜病变的患病率（p=0.95；β：0.001）与平均 MP 密度无显著相关性。
结论
在包括年龄较大、白内障、女性、农村地区、较低的体质指数和旁中心视网膜厚度等参数的多变量分析中，较高的 RPD 患病率和较低的开角型青光眼分期与较高的 MPOD 相关。
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