A case of Behçet's syndrome with rupture of a pulmonary aneurysm: autopsy findings and a literature review.

A 34 year old man suffering from oral and genital ulceration with uveitis (the complete type of Behçet's syndrome) developed fluctuating radiological opacities in the right lung and showed recurrent hemoptysis. Pulmonary angiography showed multiple aneurysms and obstruction of the pulmonary arteries. After he was treated with prednisolone, the symptoms and pulmonary manifestation improved temporarily. However, he died suddenly from a massive hemoptysis. An autopsy revealed the aneurysmal rupture of right basilar branch of pulmonary artery into the right B6 bronchus. Histopathological findings in the lung showed multiple organized thrombi, inflammatory infiltration and vascular wall destruction of pulmonary arteries of various sizes. Only 47 previously reported cases of Behçet's syndrome which showed pulmonary involvements were revealed by a search of the published literature.