Klimek L
Zentrum für Rhinologie und Allergologie, An den Quellen 10, 65183, Wiesbaden, Deutschland.
HNO. 2022 May;70(5):361-370. doi: 10.1007/s00106-022-01173-x. Epub 2022 Mar 28.
Bioimplants are used in a variety of ways in otorhinolaryngology, most commonly in facial reconstructive surgery, cochlear implants (CI), bone-anchored hearing aids, and partial/total ossicular replacement prostheses (PORP/TORP), but also for tympanic drainage, laryngeal cannula, voice prostheses after laryngectomy, etc., and in otorhinolaryngology-related procedures as dental implants in dentistry.
A literature search was performed to analyze the immunology of allergic reactions to bioimplants and to determine the available evidence by searching Medline, PubMed, and national and international study and guideline registries and the Cochrane Library. Human studies published in the period up to and including 12/2021 were considered.
Based on the international literature and previous experience, a review of allergies to bioimplants in otolaryngology is presented.
Otorhinolaryngologists should always consider the possibility of allergic reactions when inserting allogeneic materials, particularly, but not only, when using bioimplants.
生物植入物在耳鼻咽喉科有多种用途，最常见于面部重建手术、人工耳蜗（CI）、骨锚式助听器以及部分/全听骨置换假体（PORP/TORP），但也用于鼓膜引流、喉套管、喉切除术后的语音假体等，以及在耳鼻咽喉科相关手术中作为牙科植入物用于牙科。
进行文献检索，通过检索Medline、PubMed以及国家和国际研究与指南注册库和Cochrane图书馆，分析对生物植入物过敏反应的免疫学情况，并确定现有证据。纳入截至2021年12月（含）发表的人体研究。
基于国际文献和以往经验，对耳鼻咽喉科生物植入物过敏情况进行综述。
耳鼻咽喉科医生在植入异体材料时，尤其是使用生物植入物时，应始终考虑过敏反应的可能性。
