School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, No. 2555 Jingyue Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130117, China.
Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, 130118, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Aug;29(38):57112-57126. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19021-4. Epub 2022 Mar 28.
In this work, GAC@Ni/Fe particle electrodes were prepared and employed for the degradation of sulfamethylthiadiazole (SMT) by three-dimensional electrocatalytic technology. The effects of particle electrode bi-metal loading ratio, cell voltage, particle electrode dosage, electrode plate spacing, and SMT initial concentration on SMT removal were studied. In addition, GAC@Ni/Fe particle electrode was analyzed by the scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) to characterize which indicated that a significant amount of iron-nickel oxide was formed on the surface of GAC@Ni/Fe particle electrode. The results indicated that when the nickel-iron loading ratio is 1:1, the SMT removal effect is the best, and the removal rate can reach 90.89% within 30 min. Compared with the granular activated carbon without bimetal, the removal efficiency is increased by 37.58%. The degradation of SMT in the GAC@Ni/Fe particle three-dimensional electrode reactor is the joint result of both direct oxidation and indirect oxidation. The contribution rates of direct oxidation of anode and particle electrode and indirect oxidation of ·OH in the degradation are 32%, 27%, and 41%, respectively. Based on the intermediate detected by ultra-high liquid chromatography and the calculation of bond energy of SMT molecule by Gauss software, the degradation pathway of SMT in the GAC@Ni/Fe three-dimensional electrode reactor is proposed. This research provides a green, healthy, and effective method for removing sulfonamide micro-polluted wastewater.
在这项工作中，制备了 GAC@Ni/Fe 粒子电极，并通过三维电催化技术将其用于降解磺胺甲基噻二唑（SMT）。研究了粒子电极双金属负载比、槽电压、粒子电极用量、极板间距和 SMT 初始浓度对 SMT 去除的影响。此外，通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X 射线衍射仪（XRD）、X 射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）对 GAC@Ni/Fe 粒子电极进行了分析，结果表明，在 GAC@Ni/Fe 粒子电极表面形成了大量的铁-镍氧化物。结果表明，当镍-铁负载比为 1:1 时，SMT 的去除效果最佳，在 30 分钟内去除率可达 90.89%。与没有双金属的颗粒活性炭相比，去除效率提高了 37.58%。GAC@Ni/Fe 粒子三维电极反应器中 SMT 的降解是直接氧化和间接氧化的共同结果。阳极和粒子电极直接氧化以及·OH 间接氧化对 SMT 降解的贡献分别为 32%、27%和 41%。基于超高效液相色谱检测到的中间产物和 Gauss 软件计算的 SMT 分子键能，提出了 GAC@Ni/Fe 三维电极反应器中 SMT 的降解途径。本研究为去除磺胺类微污染废水提供了一种绿色、健康、有效的方法。
