Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Hangzhou Botanical Garden, Hangzhou 310013, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jul 15;830:154785. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154785. Epub 2022 Mar 25.
Erythromycin (ERY), a widely used macrolide antibiotic, is omnipresent in soil and aquatic environments, which may potentially contaminate food crops but remains to be explored. Two leafy vegetables, pakchoi (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis) and water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.), were grown in laboratory-constructed soil or hydroponic systems to investigate the dynamic accumulation of ERY in edible plants. Results indicate C-ERY could be absorbed by water spinach and pakchoi in both systems. Autoradiographic imaging and concentration data of plant tissues suggested that ERY had limited translocation from roots to shoots in these two vegetables. The accumulation level of ERY was similar between the two vegetables in the soil system; but in the hydroponic system, pakchoi had a higher ERY accumulation than water spinach, with the bioconcentration factor of 2.74-25.98 and 3.65-11.67 L kg, respectively. The ERY intake via vegetable consumption was 0.01-2.17 ng kg day, which was much lower than the maximum acceptable daily intake (700 ng kg day), indicating negligible risks of consuming vegetables with roots exposed to ERY at environmentally relevant levels. In addition, ERY was found to cause growth inhibition and oxidative stress to pakchoi, even at low concentrations (7 and 22 μg L). This work contributes to a better understanding of plant uptake and translocation of ERY in soils and water, and has important implications for the reasonable evaluation of the implied risks of ERY to vegetables and human health.
红霉素（ERY）是一种广泛使用的大环内酯类抗生素，普遍存在于土壤和水生环境中，可能会污染食用作物，但这方面的情况仍有待研究。本研究采用土培和水培两种方式种植两种叶菜类蔬菜，即小白菜（ Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis ）和空心菜（ Ipomoea aquatica Forsk. ），以探究 ERY 在可食用植物中的动态积累情况。结果表明，ERY 可被水培和土培条件下的空心菜和小白菜吸收。植物组织的放射自显影成像和浓度数据表明，ERY 在这两种蔬菜中从根部向茎叶的转运有限。在土培系统中，两种蔬菜对 ERY 的积累水平相似；但在水培系统中，小白菜对 ERY 的积累量高于空心菜，其生物浓缩因子分别为 2.74-25.98 和 3.65-11.67 L kg 。通过食用蔬菜摄入 ERY 的量为 0.01-2.17 ng kg day ，远低于最大可接受日摄入量（700 ng kg day ），表明在环境相关浓度下，食用接触 ERY 的根部蔬菜的风险可以忽略不计。此外，ERY 被发现会抑制小白菜的生长并造成其氧化应激，即使在低浓度（7 和 22 μg L ）下也是如此。本研究有助于更好地理解 ERY 在土壤和水中被植物吸收和转运的情况，对合理评估 ERY 对蔬菜和人类健康的潜在风险具有重要意义。
