Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
Department of Endocrinology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, Guangdong, China.
Purinergic Signal. 2023 Mar;19(1):221-227. doi: 10.1007/s11302-022-09858-2. Epub 2022 Mar 26.
It is known that thyroid hormones play pivotal roles in a wide variety of pathological and physiological events. Thyroid diseases, mainly including hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and thyroid cancer, are highly prevalent worldwide health problems and frequently associated with severe clinical manifestations. However, etiology of hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and thyroid cancer is not fully understood. Purinergic signaling accounts for a complex network of receptors and extracellular enzymes responsible for the recognition and degradation of extracellular nucleotides and adenosine. It has been established that purinergic signaling modulates pathways in a wide range of physiopathological conditions including hypertension, diabetes, hepatic diseases, psychiatric and neurodegeneration, rheumatic immune diseases, and cancer. More recently, the purinergic system is found to exist in thyroid gland and play an important role in the pathophysiology of thyroid diseases. Therefore, throughout this review, we focus on elaborating the changes in purinergic receptors, extracellular enzymes, and extracellular nucleotides and adenosine in hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and thyroid cancer. Profound understanding of the relationship between the purinergic signaling with thyroid diseases provides a promising research area for insights into the molecular basis of thyroid diseases and also develops new and exciting insights into the treatment of thyroid diseases, especially thyroid cancer.
已知甲状腺激素在广泛的病理和生理事件中发挥关键作用。甲状腺疾病，主要包括甲状腺功能亢进症、甲状腺功能减退症和甲状腺癌，是全球普遍存在的健康问题，常伴有严重的临床表现。然而，甲状腺功能亢进症、甲状腺功能减退症和甲状腺癌的病因尚未完全阐明。嘌呤能信号转导负责识别和降解细胞外核苷酸和腺苷的受体和细胞外酶，构成了一个复杂的网络。已经证实，嘌呤能信号转导在包括高血压、糖尿病、肝疾病、精神和神经退行性疾病、风湿免疫性疾病和癌症在内的广泛生理病理条件下调节途径。最近，发现嘌呤能系统存在于甲状腺中，并在甲状腺疾病的病理生理学中发挥重要作用。因此，在本综述中，我们重点阐述了甲状腺功能亢进症、甲状腺功能减退症和甲状腺癌中嘌呤能受体、细胞外酶、细胞外核苷酸和腺苷的变化。深入了解嘌呤能信号与甲状腺疾病之间的关系，为深入了解甲状腺疾病的分子基础提供了一个有前途的研究领域，并为甲状腺疾病的治疗，特别是甲状腺癌的治疗，提供了新的令人兴奋的见解。
