School of Nursing, University of South Carolina Aiken, Aiken, SC, USA.
School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.
J Nutr. 2022 Jul 6;152(7):1666-1674. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxac079.
Mitochondrial ATP production requires a small electron carrier, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), which has been used as adjunctive therapy in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hypertension (HTN) because of its bioenergetics and antioxidant properties. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) beyond the last 2 decades evaluating CoQ10 added to conventional therapy resulted in mixed results and were underpowered to address major clinical endpoints.
The objective of this systematic review was to examine the impact of CoQ10 supplementation on older adults with CVD or HTN in the last 2 decades (2000-2020).
PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Database, CINAHL, and Google Scholar databases were searched systematically, and references from selected studies were manually reviewed, to identify RCTs or crossover studies evaluating the efficacy of CoQ10 supplementation. Data extracted from selected studies included trial design and duration, treatment, dose, participant characteristics, study variables, and important findings.
A total of 14 studies (1067 participants) met the inclusion criteria. The effect of CoQ10 supplementation was examined among predominantly older adult males with heart failure (HF) (n = 6), HTN (n = 4), and ischemic heart disease (n = 3), and preoperatively in patients scheduled for cardiac surgery (n = 1). CoQ10 supplementation in patients with HF improved functional capacity, increased serum CoQ10 concentrations, and led to fewer major adverse cardiovascular events. CoQ10 had positive quantifiable effects on inflammatory markers in patients with ischemic heart disease. Myocardial hemodynamics improved in patients who received CoQ10 supplementation before cardiac surgery. Effects on HTN were inconclusive.
In predominantly older adult males with CVD or HTN, CoQ10 supplementation added to conventional therapy is safe and offers benefits clinically and at the cellular level. However, results of the trials need to be viewed with caution, and further studies are indicated before widespread usage of CoQ10 is recommended in all older adults.
线粒体 ATP 的产生需要一种小型电子载体，即辅酶 Q10（CoQ10）。由于其具有生物能量学和抗氧化特性，CoQ10 已被用作心血管疾病（CVD）和高血压（HTN）患者的辅助治疗药物。在过去的 20 年中，进行了超过 2 项评估 CoQ10 联合常规治疗的随机对照试验（RCT），结果喜忧参半，而且没有足够的效力来解决主要的临床终点问题。
本系统评价的目的是研究过去 20 年（2000-2020 年）中 CoQ10 补充剂对患有 CVD 或 HTN 的老年人的影响。
系统检索了 PubMed/Medline、Cochrane 数据库、CINAHL 和 Google Scholar 数据库，并对选定研究的参考文献进行了手动审查，以确定评估 CoQ10 补充剂疗效的 RCT 或交叉研究。从选定研究中提取的数据包括试验设计和持续时间、治疗方法、剂量、参与者特征、研究变量和重要发现。
共有 14 项研究（1067 名参与者）符合纳入标准。研究考察了 CoQ10 补充剂对主要为老年男性心力衰竭（HF）（n=6）、HTN（n=4）和缺血性心脏病（n=3）患者以及拟接受心脏手术患者（n=1）的影响。HF 患者补充 CoQ10 可改善其功能能力、提高血清 CoQ10 浓度并减少主要不良心血管事件。CoQ10 对缺血性心脏病患者的炎症标志物有积极的量化作用。接受 CoQ10 补充剂的患者在心脏手术前心肌血液动力学得到改善。对 HTN 的影响尚无定论。
在患有 CVD 或 HTN 的主要为老年男性中，CoQ10 补充剂联合常规治疗是安全的，并在临床和细胞水平上提供了益处。然而，需要谨慎看待这些试验的结果，在建议所有老年人广泛使用 CoQ10 之前，还需要进行进一步的研究。
