Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Cyprus International University, Mersin 10, 99040, Haspolat, Turkey.
Department of Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Cyprus International University, Mersin 10, 99040, Haspolat, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Aug;29(38):57740-57757. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-19742-6. Epub 2022 Mar 30.
Over the last few decades, environmental deterioration has accelerated significantly. Environmental degradation has been a subject of research across the world because of its impact on billions of people. However, there has been no international agreement on lowering the utilization of energy and CO emissions (CO), while demand for fossil fuels grows in emerging economies. On the other hand, the recent COP26 summit brought all parties together to accelerate action toward reaching the goals of the Paris Agreement and the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. Although previous research shows that international trade promotes positive socioeconomic outcomes, other experts argue that it contributes to natural resource shortages and ecological deterioration. Thus, the current research considers the effect of international trade, renewable energy use and technological innovation on consumption-based carbon emissions (CCO), coupled with the role of financial development and economic growth in the BRICS economies between 1990 and 2018. Moreover, this research utilizes the common correlated effects mean group (CCEMG), augmented mean group (AMG) and Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) causality methods to assess these interrelationships. The study findings reveal that renewable energy use, exports and technological innovation mitigate CCO, whereas economic growth and imports trigger CCO in the BRICS economies. The panel causality outcomes also reveal that all the variables except financial development can predict CCO emissions. Based on the study findings, we recommend the adoption of policies, regulations and the development of legislative frameworks that promote technological innovation and the shift toward sustainable energy.
在过去的几十年里，环境恶化的速度明显加快。由于环境退化对数十亿人的影响，它已成为全球研究的课题。然而，在新兴经济体对化石燃料的需求增长的情况下，并没有就降低能源利用和二氧化碳排放（CO）达成国际协议。另一方面，最近的 COP26 峰会将各方聚集在一起，加快实现《巴黎协定》和《联合国气候变化框架公约》目标的行动。虽然之前的研究表明国际贸易促进了积极的社会经济成果，但其他专家认为，国际贸易导致自然资源短缺和生态恶化。因此，当前的研究考虑了国际贸易、可再生能源利用和技术创新对消费型碳排放（CCO）的影响，同时考虑了金融发展和经济增长在 1990 年至 2018 年期间对金砖国家经济的作用。此外，本研究利用共同相关效应均值组（CCEMG）、增强均值组（AMG）和 Dumitrescu 和 Hurlin（2012）因果关系方法来评估这些相互关系。研究结果表明，可再生能源利用、出口和技术创新减轻了 CCO，而经济增长和进口则在金砖国家经济中引发了 CCO。面板因果关系结果还表明，除金融发展外，所有变量都可以预测 CCO 排放。根据研究结果，我们建议采取政策、法规和制定立法框架，以促进技术创新和向可持续能源的转变。
