Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Science, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Mersin, Northern Cyprus, 10, Turkey.
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P. O. Box 652, Cape Town, 8000, South Africa.
Sci Rep. 2023 Mar 24;13(1):4860. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-32131-4.
Ecological degradation is a major challenge for all nations. The problem is particularly worrying for South Africa, which has recently suffered from various ecological catastrophes. Thus, the empirical study evaluates the nexus between CO emissions and financial development, renewable energy, economic growth and environmental-related technologies in South Africa utilizing data between 1980 and 2020. We employed autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and time-varying causality to evaluate these connections. The results from the ARDL show that financial development and environmental-related technologies lessen CO emissions while economic progress intensifies CO emissions. Surprisingly, renewable energy does not mitigate CO emissions. Furthermore, the time-varying causality shows that all the independent variables can forecast CO emissions at different sub-periods. Finally, our results are resilient to various policy ramifications useful in reducing CO emissions and associated adverse ecological consequences.
生态退化是所有国家面临的主要挑战。对于南非来说，这个问题尤其令人担忧，南非最近遭受了各种生态灾难。因此，这项实证研究利用 1980 年至 2020 年的数据，评估了南非 CO2 排放与金融发展、可再生能源、经济增长和环境相关技术之间的关系。我们采用自回归分布滞后（ARDL）和时变因果关系来评估这些联系。ARDL 的结果表明，金融发展和环境相关技术可以减少 CO2 排放，而经济进步则会加剧 CO2 排放。令人惊讶的是，可再生能源并不能减少 CO2 排放。此外，时变因果关系表明，所有的自变量在不同的子期间都可以预测 CO2 排放。最后，我们的结果对各种有用的减排政策具有弹性，有助于减少 CO2 排放和相关的不良生态后果。
