Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2022 Apr 1;93(4):362-367. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.5943.2022.
This study investigated the effectiveness and identified the cutoff values of the computer-based Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue (CFM-100) test for screening color vision deficiencies in the pre-employment examination of civil aviators in China. Firstly, subjects were stratified into normal, color weakness, and color blindness with the Ishihara pseudoisochromatic plate test (IPPT) by two ophthalmologists. Then they randomly completed CFM-100 and Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue (FM-100) tests. Total error scores (TES) and the time taken for the CFM-100 and FM-100 were analyzed and the cutoff values for the CFM-100 were determined. Of 218 subjects, 159 were normal while 59 were diagnosed with dyschromatopsia. The TES of the CFM-100 were congruent with those of the FM-100 (20.0 ± 18.8 vs. 20.6 ± 17.7, 160.9 ± 66.0 vs. 151.1 ± 66.4). The testing time for the CFM-100, however, was less than the FM-100 (10.3 ± 2.8 min vs. 12.9 ± 2.9 min, 7.8 ± 2.5 min vs. 12.6 ± 3.3 min). The correlation coefficient R was 0.93 and Cohen's kappa was 0.89 for the two methods. Further analyses defined 34 as the cutoff value to differentiate excellent from fair color discrimination (sensitivity 58.0%, specificity 94.7%) and 101 as the cutoff value to judge fair vs. poor (sensitivity and specificity both 98.8%) for the CFM-100. The cut-off value was 72 for distinguishing normal from defective color vision (sensitivity 96.6%, specificity 98.7%) and 110 was for distinguishing color weakness from color blindness (sensitivity 97.6%, specificity 97.7%) for the CFM-100. The CFM-100 is an effective method for the diagnosis of dyschromatopsia with high sensitivity in screening airline pilots.
本研究旨在探讨计算机化 Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue（CFM-100）测试在我国民航飞行员入职体检中筛查色觉缺陷的有效性，并确定其截断值。首先，两名眼科医生通过 Ishihara 假同色图测试（IPPT）将受检者分为正常、色弱和色盲。然后，受检者随机完成 CFM-100 和 Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue（FM-100）测试。分析 CFM-100 的总误差分数（TES）和完成时间，并确定 CFM-100 的截断值。在 218 名受检者中，159 名被诊断为正常，59 名被诊断为色觉异常。CFM-100 的 TES 与 FM-100 的 TES 一致（20.0±18.8 对 20.6±17.7，160.9±66.0 对 151.1±66.4）。然而，CFM-100 的测试时间少于 FM-100（10.3±2.8 分钟对 12.9±2.9 分钟，7.8±2.5 分钟对 12.6±3.3 分钟）。两种方法的相关系数 R 为 0.93，Cohen's kappa 为 0.89。进一步分析将 34 定义为区分优秀和一般色觉的截断值（敏感性 58.0%，特异性 94.7%），将 101 定义为区分一般和较差的截断值（敏感性和特异性均为 98.8%）。CFM-100 用于区分正常和异常色觉的截断值为 72（敏感性 96.6%，特异性 98.7%），用于区分色弱和色盲的截断值为 110（敏感性 97.6%，特异性 97.7%）。CFM-100 是一种有效的色觉异常诊断方法，在筛查航空公司飞行员时具有较高的敏感性。
