Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Jilin University School of Public Health, Changchun, Jilin, China.
NHC Key Laboratory of Radiobiology, Jilin University School of Public Health, Changchun, Jilin, China.
BMJ Open. 2022 Mar 30;12(3):e053086. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053086.
To investigate the epidemiological status quo of hypertension in elderly population in Changchun, China, and provide a reference for the prevention and control strategies of hypertension of elderly population in this region.
A cross-sectional study, as a part of a comprehensive project in Northeast China, was designed to perform in 10 districts in Changchun.
A total of 6846 participants who were ≥60 years old were selected using a random sampling method.
The epidemiological status quo of hypertension.
The prevalence of hypertension in Changchun was 52.6%. Among participants with hypertension enrolled in this study, 87.6% of the participants had been diagnosed with hypertension before the study, 69.1% was taking antihypertensive medications and 66.9% had effective blood pressure control. Obesity, widower/widow, history of diseases and family history of hypertension were risk factors of hypertension (all p<0.05). Participants with obesity, a personal history of heart coronary disease, or a family history of hypertension were susceptible to realising risks of hypertension (all p<0.05). However, participants with diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, or a family history of hypertension were difficult to control blood pressure within the normal range (all p<0.05). In addition, 92.6% participants taking antihypertensive medications used a single medication, and calcium channel blockers was the most commonly used antihypertensive medications in monotherapy.
The rates of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension are greater in Changchun than those in China, indicating that the prevention and control of hypertension in Changchun are effective. However, the prevalence of hypertension in the elderly population in China is lower than that in Changchun, also rendering Changchun a substantial challenge for the supervision of hypertension.
调查中国长春老年人群高血压的流行病学现状，为该地区老年人群高血压的防治策略提供参考。
采用横断面研究设计，作为中国东北地区一项综合项目的一部分，在长春的 10 个区进行。
采用随机抽样法，共选取 6846 名年龄≥60 岁的参与者。
高血压的流行病学现状。
长春高血压患病率为 52.6%。在本研究中纳入的高血压患者中，87.6%的患者在研究前已被诊断为高血压，69.1%正在服用降压药物，66.9%的患者血压控制有效。肥胖、鳏寡、既往疾病和高血压家族史是高血压的危险因素（均 P<0.05）。肥胖、冠心病个人史或高血压家族史的参与者易发生高血压风险（均 P<0.05）。然而，患有糖尿病、高脂血症或高血压家族史的参与者难以将血压控制在正常范围内（均 P<0.05）。此外，92.6%服用降压药物的患者使用单一药物，钙通道阻滞剂是单药治疗中最常用的降压药物。
长春高血压的知晓率、治疗率和控制率均高于中国，表明长春高血压的防治有效。然而，中国老年人群高血压的患病率低于长春，这也给长春的高血压监管带来了巨大挑战。
