Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
School of Psychiatry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Andrology. 2022 Jul;10(5):825-836. doi: 10.1111/andr.13180. Epub 2022 Apr 13.
Peter Abelard (1079-1142) is still considered one of the giants of philosophy, theology, and psychology, and the unsurpassed master of dialectical debate. Born in Le Pallet, near Nantes, Abelard became an academic and wandering cleric of great fame, founder of several schools that attracted students from all countries, arousing the admiration of his contemporaries and the profound envy of his colleagues. Around 1115, Abelard became master of the school of the Cathedral of Notre-Dame. Shortly after, the canon Fulbert asked him to take his niece, the equally famous and highly cultured Héloïse d'Argenteuil (1092-1164), as a pupil. Thus a relationship began, celebrated for centuries to come, characterized by burning sexual and intellectual passion, by the famous correspondence, which will be the archetype of sentimental education and the template of romantic love letters, bythe birth of a son and consequent marriage, and by the cowardly revenge of Fulbert, who, together with a band of servants, mutilated "those parts of my body with which I had done what was the cause of their pain," as Abelard wrote. While this unclear self-description has suggested to contemporaries and to posterity that Abelard was castrated, we aim to question this belief by analyzing in-depth this historical-andrological clinical case to understand if there is any evidence that could suggest that Abelard was instead the victim of an even more brutal punishment: penectomy. Signs and symptoms gleaned from the personal writings and historical perspectives of Abelard and his time are used here to provide a possible answer to a thousand-year-old question: what makes a man … a man?
彼得·阿伯拉尔（1079-1142 年）仍然被认为是哲学、神学和心理学领域的巨人之一，也是无与伦比的辩证辩论大师。他出生于南特附近的勒帕莱，是一位学术和流浪神职人员，享有很高的声誉，他创立了几所吸引了来自各国学生的学校，引起了同时代人的钦佩和同事们的深深嫉妒。1115 年左右，阿伯拉尔成为圣母院大教堂学校的校长。不久之后，牧师富尔伯特请他收他的侄女、同样著名且文化程度很高的埃洛伊丝·德·阿让特伊（1092-1164 年）为学生。就这样，一段关系开始了，在接下来的几个世纪里，这段关系以燃烧的性和智力激情、著名的通信为特征，这些通信将成为情感教育的原型和浪漫情书的模板，还伴随着一个儿子的诞生和随之而来的婚姻，以及富尔伯特的怯懦报复，他和一群仆人一起，“残害了我身体的那些部分，因为我做了他们痛苦的原因，”正如阿伯拉尔所写。虽然这种不明确的自我描述让同时代人和后代认为阿伯拉尔被阉割了，但我们旨在通过深入分析这个历史和rological 临床案例来质疑这种信念，以了解是否有任何证据表明阿伯拉尔可能是更残酷惩罚的受害者：阴茎切割。这里使用了从阿伯拉尔及其时代的个人著作和历史角度收集的症状和体征，以提供一个可能的答案来回答一个千年来的问题：是什么使一个男人……成为一个男人？
