Graduate Program of Animal Health and Biomedical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Section of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
PeerJ. 2022 Mar 25;10:e13182. doi: 10.7717/peerj.13182. eCollection 2022.
A longitudinal study was conducted to analyze farm characteristics, farm practices, and biosecurity measures that influenced the occurrence of white spot disease (WSD) in shrimp farming in Rayong, Thailand.
Data were collected using a structured interview schedule administered between October 2017 and September 2019. A generalized estimating equations (GEE) model was used to identify risk factors. From the 270 responses, 86 possible risk factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis.
We found that 17 possible risk factors were statistically significant with an alpha level of 1% and associated with WSD status. In the final model, multivariate analysis found that two independent variables were statistically significant. First, the absence of inclement weather during ponding was a statistically significant factor associated with WSD occurrence and it prevented WSD occurrence as the odds ratio (OR) was <1 (OR = 0.196, = 1.3 × 10). Second, the separation of ponds into three specific types (cultured, water treatment, and pond for water reservoir) was significantly associated with WSD occurrence. Likewise, the presence of this ponding system was a protective factor against WSD (OR = 0.0828, = 0.001).
The results of this study offer a reference for farmers and relevant authorities when addressing WSD occurrence in shrimp farming. In addition, our results can help relevant authorities in controlling WSD in other endemic areas.
本研究开展了一项纵向研究，旨在分析影响泰国罗勇地区虾养殖中白斑病（WSD）发生的农场特征、养殖实践和生物安全措施。
本研究于 2017 年 10 月至 2019 年 9 月期间采用结构化访谈表收集数据。使用广义估计方程（GEE）模型确定风险因素。在 270 份回应中，使用单变量和多变量分析对 86 个可能的风险因素进行了分析。
我们发现，17 个可能的风险因素具有统计学意义（alpha 水平为 1%），与 WSD 状态相关。在最终模型中，多变量分析发现两个独立变量具有统计学意义。首先，池塘蓄水期间没有恶劣天气是与 WSD 发生相关的统计学显著因素，其降低了 WSD 的发生风险，因为比值比（OR）<1（OR = 0.196， = 1.3 × 10）。其次，将池塘分为三种特定类型（养殖池、水处理池和储水池）与 WSD 发生显著相关。同样，该池塘系统的存在是对 WSD 的保护因素（OR = 0.0828， = 0.001）。
本研究结果为农民和相关当局在处理虾养殖中 WSD 发生时提供了参考。此外，我们的研究结果有助于控制其他流行地区的 WSD。
