BAP1 Immunostain Status in Intraocular Biopsy Specimens for Uveal Melanoma Highly Correlates with Other Prognostic Markers.

INTRODUCTION

Loss of BAP1 protein expression emerged as a negative prognostic marker in uveal melanoma (UM) and has primarily been studied in enucleations. Intraocular biopsy is frequently performed prior to UM globe-conserving therapy.

METHODS

We retrospectively evaluated BAP1 immunostaining of UM in 16 biopsies and 8 subsequent enucleations, and results were correlated with the UM-specific gene expression profile (GEP; = 11), chromosome 3 status by FISH and/or chromosomal microarray ( = 12; 9 also had GEP), and clinical outcomes.

RESULTS

UM involved the choroid in 15 (of 16) cases. Biopsy was performed for prognostication ( = 12) or diagnosis ( = 4). Treatment included brachytherapy ( = 13; 5 followed by enucleation) or enucleation only ( = 3). BAP1 nuclear immunostaining was positive in 9, negative in 4, and equivocal in 3 biopsies. For the 3 equivocal biopsies, BAP1 immunostaining was positive in 2 (of 3) subsequent enucleations. BAP1 immunostaining was concordant between all 5 remaining biopsies and enucleations. BAP1-positive biopsies had disomy 3 ( = 6) or 3p loss ( = 1) and class 1 GEP ( = 6). BAP1-negative biopsies had monosomy 3 ( = 3) and class 2 GEP ( = 2). Median follow-up was 62.5 months (range, 17-150). For BAP1-positive UM patients, 8 were alive (7 without metastatic disease) and 3 had died (1 melanoma-related death). Among BAP1-negative UM patients, 2 were alive (1 with metastatic disease) and 3 had melanoma-related deaths.

CONCLUSION

BAP1 immunostaining in biopsies highly correlates with results in subsequent enucleations and with well-established UM prognostic markers, representing a potential additional prognostic tool for UM biopsies.