Barnett Jacqueline A, Bandy Maya L, Gibson Deanna L
Department of Biology, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
Front Nutr. 2022 Mar 8;9:827384. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.827384. eCollection 2022.
Environmental exposure to glyphosate and glyphosate-based herbicides has the potential to negatively influence neurodevelopment and behavior across generations indirectly through the gut-brain-microbiome axis. Potential mechanisms by which glyphosate may elicit these effects are through the disruption of the normally symbiotic relationship of the host and the gut microbiome. Given glyphosate can kill commensal members of the microbiome like spp., Ruminococaeae and spp., resulting in reductions in key microbial metabolites that act through the gut-brain-microbiome axis including indoles, L-glutamate and SCFAs. Glyphosate- resistant microbes in the gut have the potential to increase the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species which may result in increased HPA activation, resulting in increased production of glucocorticoids which have implications on neurodevelopment. In addition, maternal transfer of the gut microbiome can affect immune and neurodevelopment, across generations. This perspective article weighs the evidence for chronic glyphosate exposure on the gut microbiome and the potential consequences on the gut-brain axis correlated with increased incidence of neuropsychiatric conditions.
环境中接触草甘膦和基于草甘膦的除草剂有可能通过肠-脑-微生物群轴间接对多代人的神经发育和行为产生负面影响。草甘膦可能引发这些影响的潜在机制是通过破坏宿主与肠道微生物群之间通常的共生关系。鉴于草甘膦可以杀死微生物群中的共生成员，如某些菌属、瘤胃球菌科和某些菌属，导致关键微生物代谢产物减少，这些代谢产物通过肠-脑-微生物群轴发挥作用，包括吲哚、L-谷氨酸和短链脂肪酸。肠道中的抗草甘膦微生物有可能增加促炎细胞因子和活性氧的产生，这可能导致下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴激活增加，从而导致糖皮质激素产生增加，这对神经发育有影响。此外，肠道微生物群的母体传递可以跨代影响免疫和神经发育。这篇观点文章权衡了长期接触草甘膦对肠道微生物群的证据以及与神经精神疾病发病率增加相关的对肠-脑轴的潜在后果。
