Ayeah Joy Nkain, Oladokun Adesina, Sumbele Irene Ule Ngole, Ilesanmi Abiodun Olatunbosun, Bekindaka Obase Ngemani
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
J Parasitol Res. 2022 Mar 21;2022:6406259. doi: 10.1155/2022/6406259. eCollection 2022.
Toxoplasmosis, caused by in pregnant women, is a significant public health problem due to risk of mother to child transmission. The aim of the study was to determine the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and corresponding cord blood among women attending Biyem-Assi and CASS Nkoldongo hospitals in Yaoundé, Cameroon.
An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2019 and May 2020 on 300 pregnant women from late second trimester to third trimester. A total of 259 cord blood samples were collected at birth from these women. -specific IgG and IgM antibodies in maternal and cord blood were detected using the Toxoplasma Enzyme Immunosorbent Assay kit, and potential risk factors captured through questionnaire were identified using binary logistic regression model. Statistical significance was measured at < 0.05.
The overall seroprevalence of gestational and neonatal toxoplasmosis was 80% and 88%, respectively. IgG seropositivity was 72.7%, IgM only was 1.3% and cooccurrence of IgG/IgM was 6% amongst pregnant women. Out of 259 newborn cord bloods, 72.2% were positive for IgG only, 8.9% for IgM only, and 23.9% for both IgG/IgM. Pregnant women 15-24 years (AOR = 4.6, = 0.011) and women with primary level of education (AOR = 3.9, = 0.042) were significantly at risk of infection with .
Gestational and neonatal toxoplasmosis appears to be more common with higher risk of infection in younger women and less educated women. Hence, these findings will serve as baseline data for further investigations on mother to child transmission of toxoplasmosis in Yaoundé and the need for reinforcement of pregnant women toxoplasmosis-related health measures.
孕妇感染弓形虫引起的弓形虫病，由于存在母婴传播风险，是一个重大的公共卫生问题。本研究的目的是确定喀麦隆雅温得的比耶姆 - 阿西医院和卡斯·恩科尔东戈医院就诊的孕妇及其相应脐带血中弓形虫病的血清阳性率。
2019年6月至2020年5月，对300名孕晚期至孕晚期的孕妇进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。共从这些妇女分娩时采集了259份脐带血样本。使用弓形虫酶免疫吸附测定试剂盒检测母体和脐带血中特异性IgG和IgM抗体，并使用二元逻辑回归模型确定通过问卷获取的潜在风险因素。以P<0.05衡量统计学显著性。
妊娠期和新生儿弓形虫病的总体血清阳性率分别为80%和88%。孕妇中IgG血清阳性率为72.7%，仅IgM为1.3%，IgG/IgM同时出现为6%。在259份新生儿脐带血中，仅IgG阳性的占72.2%，仅IgM阳性的占8.9%，IgG/IgM均阳性的占23.9%。15 - 24岁的孕妇（调整后比值比[AOR]=4.6，P=0.011）和小学文化程度的妇女（AOR = 3.9，P = 0.042）感染弓形虫的风险显著更高。
妊娠期和新生儿弓形虫病似乎更为常见，年轻女性和受教育程度较低的女性感染风险更高。因此，这些发现将作为雅温得进一步研究弓形虫病母婴传播以及加强孕妇弓形虫病相关健康措施必要性的基线数据。
