Bamba Sanata, Cissé Mamoudou, Sangaré Ibrahim, Zida Adama, Ouattara Souleymane, Guiguemdé Robert T
Université polytechnique de Bobo-Dioulasso, 01 BP 390, Centre MURAZ, Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Université Ouaga 1 Joseph-KI Zerbo, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
BMC Infect Dis. 2017 Jul 11;17(1):482. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2583-6.
Toxoplasmosis is one of the common worldwide parasitic zoonosis due to Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). Toxoplasmosis during pregnancy can result in fetal and neonatal death or various congenital defects. The aim of this study was to assess the seroprevalence and risk factors of T. gondii infection in pregnant women following antenatal care (ANC) services at Bobo Dioulasso.
A cross-sectional study was conducted enrolling a sample of 316 pregnant women attending ANC at centers for maternal and child health of Bobo-Dioulasso town from March 2013 to February 2014. Data on socio-demographic and potential risk factors were collected from each study participant using structured questionnaire through face-to-face interview. Moreover, venous blood specimens were collected and tested for IgM and IgG anti-T. gondii antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and enzyme linked fluorescent assay, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression modeling was used to identify the potential predictor variables for T. gondii infection.
The overall seroprevalence for T. gondii infection was 31.1% (98/316). All the pregnant women were positive for IgG anti-bodies exclusively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that having at least a secondary education level (AOR = 2.23; 95% CI: [1.04-4.63]); being urban resident (AOR = 2.81; 95% CI: [1.24-6.86]) and the consumption of meat combination (pork + beef + mutton + wild meat + poultry) (AOR = 4.00; 95% CI: [1.06-15.24]) were potential risk factors of T. gondii infection.
Toxoplasmosis is frequent in pregnant women and studies that show incidence of T. gondii among the neonates have to be done to introduce routine antenatal screening program to control congenital toxoplasmosis. There is the need for preventive measures such as education of pregnant women about the transmission routes and prevention methods of toxoplasmosis at ANC clinics.
弓形虫病是由刚地弓形虫引起的一种常见的全球寄生虫人畜共患病。孕期弓形虫病可导致胎儿和新生儿死亡或各种先天性缺陷。本研究的目的是评估在博博迪乌拉索接受产前保健（ANC）服务的孕妇中弓形虫感染的血清流行率及危险因素。
2013年3月至2014年2月，在博博迪乌拉索市妇幼保健中心对316名接受 ANC 的孕妇进行了一项横断面研究。通过面对面访谈，使用结构化问卷从每位研究参与者收集社会人口学和潜在危险因素的数据。此外，采集静脉血标本，分别采用酶联免疫吸附试验和酶联荧光试验检测抗弓形虫 IgM 和 IgG 抗体。采用多变量逻辑回归模型确定弓形虫感染的潜在预测变量。
弓形虫感染的总体血清流行率为31.1%（98/316）。所有孕妇仅 IgG 抗体呈阳性。多变量逻辑回归分析显示，至少具有中等教育水平（比值比[AOR]=2.23；95%置信区间[CI]：[1.04 - 4.63]）；为城市居民（AOR = 2.81；95% CI：[1.24 - 6.86]）以及食用混合肉类（猪肉 + 牛肉 + 羊肉 + 野味 + 家禽）（AOR = 4.00；95% CI：[1.06 - 15.24]）是弓形虫感染的潜在危险因素。
孕妇中弓形虫病较为常见，必须开展关于新生儿弓形虫发病率的研究，以引入常规产前筛查项目来控制先天性弓形虫病。有必要采取预防措施，如在 ANC 诊所对孕妇进行弓形虫病传播途径和预防方法的教育。
