College of Geographical Sciences, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, China.
Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy Sciences, Changchun, China.
PLoS One. 2022 Mar 31;17(3):e0263237. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263237. eCollection 2022.
Under the background of "the Belt and Road" and "the economic corridor of China, Mongolia and Russia" initiatives, it is of great significance to study the temporal and spatial economic pattern in the Russian Federation. Based on the economic development difference index, regional economic grade index, global trend analysis tool and spatial autocorrelation model, this paper analyzes the temporal and spatial pattern evolution characteristics of Russian economic differences from 2002 to 2020. The results are as following. First, although the economic imbalance among various federal subjects has been decreasing, the economic polarization has been still severe between the prosperous developed regions and the stagnant backward regions during 2002-2020. Russia's economy shows a trend of changing from significant positive correlation in strong agglomeration space to positive correlation in weak agglomeration space, and then to random distribution. Second, there has been great differences of the economic development among various federal subjects. The economic grade of the Russian federal subjects presents a significant spatial differentiation pattern. The Russian Federation's economic resources are concentrated in the first-class federal subject (Moscow City), second-class federal subjects (Tumen Region, Moscow Region and Saint-Petersburg city) and a few third-class federal subjects (Yamalo-Nenetsky Autonomous Area, Khanty-Mansiysky Autonomous Area, Republic of Tatarstan, Krasnodar Territory, Sverdlovsk Region, etc). Third, the Russian Federation's economy presents "High Core, Low Periphery", "High West, Low East" and "High south, Low north" spatial differentiation pattern. The economic hot regions coincide with the high-class economic regions, which are mainly distributed in the contiguous areas of Ural Federal District and Volga Federal District, as well as the Moscow City, Moscow Region, Saint-Petersburg city, Krasnodar Territory and Rostov Region. The economic cold regions coincide with the low-class economic regions, which are mainly located in the Far East Federal District, the east of Siberian Federal District, the north of North West Federal District and the south of North-Caucasian Federal District. Finally, we suggest the recommendation for policy makers in Russia. And we propose the future research ideas.
在“一带一路”和“中国-蒙古-俄罗斯经济走廊”倡议的背景下，研究俄罗斯联邦的时空经济格局具有重要意义。本文基于经济发展差异指数、区域经济等级指数、全球趋势分析工具和空间自相关模型，分析了 2002 年至 2020 年俄罗斯经济差异的时空格局演变特征。结果表明：（1）尽管各联邦主体之间的经济不平衡在逐渐减少，但在 2002-2020 年期间，繁荣发达地区与停滞落后地区之间的经济极化仍然严重。俄罗斯经济呈现出由强集聚空间显著正相关向弱集聚空间正相关再向随机分布变化的趋势；（2）各联邦主体之间的经济发展存在较大差异，俄罗斯联邦各主体的经济等级呈现出显著的空间分异格局。俄罗斯的经济资源集中在第一级联邦主体（莫斯科市）、第二级联邦主体（图门地区、莫斯科州和圣彼得堡市）和少数第三级联邦主体（亚马尔-涅涅茨自治区、汉特-曼西斯克自治区、鞑靼斯坦共和国、克拉斯诺达尔边疆区、斯维尔德洛夫斯克州等）；（3）俄罗斯经济呈现“高核心、低边缘”“高西、低东”“南高、北低”的空间分异格局，经济热点区域与高级经济区域重合，主要分布在乌拉尔联邦区和伏尔加联邦区的毗邻地区，以及莫斯科市、莫斯科州、圣彼得堡市、克拉斯诺达尔边疆区和罗斯托夫州；经济冷点区域与低级经济区域重合，主要位于远东联邦区、西伯利亚联邦区东部、西北联邦区北部和北高加索联邦区南部。最后，本文为俄罗斯政策制定者提出了建议，并提出了未来的研究思路。
