Department of Preventive Dentistry and Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno, Nigeria.
Department of Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.
Spec Care Dentist. 2022 Nov;42(6):599-605. doi: 10.1111/scd.12716. Epub 2022 Mar 31.
To compare prevalence of oral hygiene status, dental trauma and malocclusion among institutionalized visually impaired (VI) and non-visually impaired (NVI) adolescents in Lagos State, Nigeria.
A cross sectional study conducted among institutionalized VI and NVI adolescents in Lagos State, Nigeria. One hundred and thirty-two randomly selected VI adolescents aged between 9 and 23 years and 138 NVI participants aged between 9 and 17 years were recruited using a multi-stage random sampling technique. Oral examination assessed oral hygiene status, dental trauma and malocclusion. Data entry and analysis was by SPSS version 20. Associations were analyzed using chi-square test. Statistical significance was set at p < .05. Male to female ratio among the VI and NVI participants, were 1.5:1 and 1:3, mean ages were 15.03 ± 3.36 and 12.96 years ± 1.89 SD, prevalence of dental injury were 16.67% and 7.2% and malocclusion were 15.2% and 11.6% respectively. More of the NVI participants had good oral hygiene status (29.0%).
Uncomplicated dental injury was more prevalent among the VI male participants than their NVI counterparts while malocclusion was significantly less among the NVI participants. There is an urgent need for the development of policy and protocol on oral health of persons with special needs.
比较尼日利亚拉各斯州机构内视力障碍（VI）和非视力障碍（NVI）青少年的口腔卫生状况、牙齿外伤和错颌畸形的患病率。
这是在尼日利亚拉各斯州进行的一项机构内 VI 和 NVI 青少年的横断面研究。采用多阶段随机抽样技术，随机抽取了 132 名 9 至 23 岁的 VI 青少年和 138 名 9 至 17 岁的 NVI 参与者。口腔检查评估了口腔卫生状况、牙齿外伤和错颌畸形。数据输入和分析采用 SPSS 版本 20。采用卡方检验分析相关性。p <.05 为统计学意义。VI 和 NVI 参与者的男女比例分别为 1.5:1 和 1:3，平均年龄分别为 15.03 ± 3.36 岁和 12.96 岁 ± 1.89 岁，牙齿损伤的患病率分别为 16.67%和 7.2%，错颌畸形的患病率分别为 15.2%和 11.6%。更多的 NVI 参与者口腔卫生状况良好（29.0%）。
VI 男性参与者的无并发症牙齿外伤比他们的 NVI 同龄人更为常见，而 NVI 参与者的错颌畸形明显较少。迫切需要制定针对特殊需求人群口腔健康的政策和规范。
