Ligali T O, Orenuga O O, Oredugba F A
Departments of Preventive Dentistry and Child Dental Health, University of Maiguguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
Child Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos,Nigeria.
West Afr J Med. 2020 Jan-Mar;37(1):13-18.
To assess and compare caries prevalence among institutionalized visually impaired and sighted 10dash;19 year old children in Lagos State, Nigeria.
A cross sectional study of institutionalized visually impaired and sighted 10-19-year-old adolescents was carried out using the World Health Organisation (WHO) Basic Oral Methods caries diagnostic criteria. A random sample of 10-19-year-old visually impaired and sighted institutionalised children was carried out. The mean decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft/DMFT) and significant caries (SiC) indices of both groups were obtained and compared with Chi-square test using SPSS version 20.
Mean age of visually impaired participants was 16 years while that of sighted was 12.5 years. The male to female ratio was 1:1 among the visually impaired participants and 1:1.5 among the sighted. Caries prevalence of 28.8% (64/222), mean dmft/DMFT 1.98±1.25 and 27.5% (63/229), mean dmft/DMFT 1.90±1.28 were obtained for the sighted and visually impaired 10dash;19 years old children respectively. The significant caries (SiC) indices for both groups were 3.3.
Caries prevalence among the visually impaired and sighted adolescents in this study was considerable with no significant differences between them. Both populations had significant caries experiences. There is therefore need for oral health promotion among both sighted and visually impaired institutionalized adolescents in this environment.
评估并比较尼日利亚拉各斯州10至19岁的机构收容视障儿童和视力正常儿童的龋齿患病率。
采用世界卫生组织（WHO）基本口腔检查方法的龋齿诊断标准，对机构收容的10至19岁视障和视力正常青少年进行横断面研究。抽取了10至19岁机构收容的视障和视力正常儿童的随机样本。获取两组的平均龋失补牙数（dmft/DMFT）和严重龋齿（SiC）指数，并使用SPSS 20版本的卡方检验进行比较。
视障参与者的平均年龄为16岁，视力正常者为12.5岁。视障参与者中男女比例为1:1，视力正常者中为1:1.5。10至19岁视力正常儿童和视障儿童的龋齿患病率分别为28.8%（64/222），平均dmft/DMFT为1.98±1.25和27.5%（63/229），平均dmft/DMFT为1.90±1.28。两组的严重龋齿（SiC）指数均为3.3。
本研究中视障和视力正常青少年的龋齿患病率相当，两者之间无显著差异。两组人群都有明显的龋齿经历。因此，在这种环境下，有必要对机构收容的视力正常和视障青少年进行口腔健康促进。
