Center of General Education, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 804, Taiwan.
Chemosphere. 2022 Jul;299:134411. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134411. Epub 2022 Mar 28.
In this study, we conducted a comprehensive study of the distribution, transportation behavior and potential ecological risk of alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APnEOs) in the aquatic environments of Kaohsiung City, Taiwan because little information is available regarding the fate of APnEOs in the water bodies of a total environment. At Love River, APnEOs concentrations were much higher at upstream of interception stations L15 (27.33 ± 1.22 μg/L) and L16 (6.31 ± 0.14 μg/L) than at downstream of interception stations L1-L14 (0.69-2.54 μg/L). Additionally, the average ethoxy (EO) chain lengths of APnEOs at L15 and L16 were longer than at L1-L14. These observations were attributed to the sluice between L14 and L15 that intercepts and accumulates untreated sewage from upstream areas and to the infrastructure of the sewage system that prevents domestic sewage from flowing downstream in the river and to the Kaohsiung Port Area. At Kaohsiung Port Area, APnEO concentrations ranging from 0.63 to 6.50 μg/L were measured. The concentration range and average EO chain length of these APnEOs were similar to those of the downstream stretch of the river, which was attributed to the mixing efficiency of the Kaohsiung Port Area and Love River through tidal exchange. At Cijin Coastal Area, APnEO concentrations ranged from 0.14 to 18.77 μg/L. Notably, the APnEO concentration of surface waters was much higher than that of bottom waters. This observation was attributed to the sewage discharged from the ocean outfall buoying up to the surface instead of mixing with surrounding bottom waters. In potential ecological risk, 19 of 39 sampling points exceeded toxic equivalency of 1 μg/L, and approximately 48.7% of the sampling points would exceed the threshold. The result provides insight into the environmental implications of APnEOs contamination in aquatic environments and useful information for environmental policy and ecological risk assessments.
在这项研究中，我们对台湾高雄市的水生环境中烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚 (APnEOs) 的分布、迁移行为和潜在生态风险进行了全面研究，因为有关 APnEOs 在整个环境水体中的归宿的信息很少。在爱河，截流站 L15（27.33±1.22μg/L）和 L16（6.31±0.14μg/L）上游的 APnEOs 浓度明显高于截流站 L1-L14（0.69-2.54μg/L）下游。此外，L15 和 L16 处的 APnEOs 的平均乙氧基（EO）链长比 L1-L14 处的长。这些观察结果归因于 L14 和 L15 之间的水闸，该水闸拦截并积聚了上游地区未经处理的污水，以及污水系统的基础设施，防止了污水在河流下游流动，以及高雄港区。在高雄港区，测量到的 APnEOs 浓度范围为 0.63 至 6.50μg/L。这些 APnEOs 的浓度范围和平均 EO 链长与河流下游的相似，这归因于通过潮汐交换，高雄港区和爱河的混合效率。在旗津沿海地区，APnEOs 浓度范围为 0.14 至 18.77μg/L。值得注意的是，地表水的 APnEOs 浓度远高于底水的浓度。这一观察结果归因于从海洋排污口排放的污水浮到水面而不是与周围的底水混合。在潜在的生态风险方面，39 个采样点中有 19 个超过了 1μg/L 的毒性当量，大约 48.7%的采样点将超过阈值。研究结果提供了有关 APnEOs 污染对水生环境的环境影响的深入了解，为环境政策和生态风险评估提供了有用的信息。
